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Hazardous Substances
(Selected from the AT&T Bell Laboratories Chemical Hygiene Plan)
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LIST OF REPRODUCTIVE
HAZARDS Toxic Agents in the Workplace: Exposures with Documented Human Effects |
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| Exposure or Chemical | Reported Reproductive Effects | Other Major Effects | Example of Industry (exposure) |
| Anesthetic Gases |
Spontaneous abortion; Low birth weight; Major and minor malformations; ? Infertility |
Narcosis |
Medical; Dental; Veterinary |
| Busulfan |
Major malformations |
Antineoplastic |
Medical; Pharmaceutical |
| Carbon Disulfide |
Decreased libido; Impotence; Abnormal sperm morphology; Menstrual disorders; Spontaneous abortion |
Acute psychosis; Accelerated atherosclerosis |
Viscose rayon; Fumigant |
| DDT | Prematurity | Animal carcinogen | Pesticide (banned USA) |
| DBCP (1,2 Dibromo-3-chloropropane) |
Infertility due to azoospermia, Oligospermia |
Animal carcinogen | Pesticide |
| DES (Diethylstil besterol) |
Vaginal and cervical adenocarcinoma in female offspring; Reproductive tract malformations in male and female offspring |
- | Pharmaceutical |
| EDB (Ethylene dibromide) |
Decreased fertility in wives of workers |
Burns; Animal carcinogen | Cadiovascular stressor |
| Excessive Heat | Lowered sperm counts | Cardiovascular stressor | - |
| HCB (Hexachloro benzene) |
Stillbirth; Congenital malformations and metabolic abnormalities |
Pophyria cutanea tarda | Chemical |
| Ionizing Radiation |
Lowered fertility; Increased childhood cancer; Chromosome aberrations; Fetal growth retardation; Disrupted gametogenesis |
Carcinogenic | Medical and dental workers; Nuclear industry |
| Kepone |
Decreased libido; Decreased sperm count and motility |
Neurological toxicity | Chemical, pesticide |
| Laboratory Reagents (Benzene, xylene, ethers) |
Prolonged menstual bleeding; Spontaneous abortions; Chromosome aberrations in offspring |
Hepatic blook; dyscrasis, including leukemia | - |
| Lead and smelter emissions | Sperm abnormalities; mentrual disorders; spontaneous abortions; prematurity; kedney tumor in children; begavioral abnormalities; chromosome aberrations | Neurotoxicity | Smelting; Battery; Leaded paint |
| Methotrexate | Congenital malformations | Folate antagonist; Antineoplastic | Pharmaceutical |
| Methylmercury | Severe neurological defects | Neorological damage; GI symptoms | Chemical wastes |
| Occupational Pesticide Exposure |
Impotence; Chromosome aberations; Spontaneous abortions |
Neorological; Animal carcinogens | Pesticide maufacturing and application |
| PCB's (Polychlori hated Biphenyls) |
Menstrual disorders; Stillbirth; Pigmentary integumentary and other malformations |
Animal carcinogens | Capacitors and telephone/electrical equipment |
| Tobacco Smoke | Spontaneous abortion; Retarded fetal growth; Placental abnomalities | Cancer; Cardiovascular disease | - |
| Vinyl Chloride |
Chromosome aberrations; ? Malformations |
Cancer |
PVC manufacturing and processing |
Adapted from Chemical Hazards to Human Reproduction, Council on Environmental Quality, 1981 and Sullivan and Barlow.
