MASTER SYLLABUS - SSW 702 2002-2003

Social Welfare Policy and Services II:
Special Topics in Social Welfare Policy and Services

PURPOSE

Social Welfare Policy and Services II: Special Topics in Social Welfare Policy and Services focuses on a selected social welfare issue or special population. This specialization extends the foundations of social welfare policy by applying knowledge obtained in Social Welfare Policy and Services I to a particular social welfare issue or population and by refining the analytic skills needed to more critically synthesize and interpret the complexities of social welfare policy. The course explores policy dynamics, patterns, and changes through a closer look at history, theories, frameworks, ethical issues, forces of oppression and the paths to social, economic, and political justice relevant to a special population. The focus on a special population/issue includes the recognition of the needs of diverse groups within this group or those affected by the issue. While developing expertise about particular clients, communities, social agencies, and government programs, students also learn that social welfare principles applicable to one group can be generalized to other populations and policies. More specifically, the objectives are for students to:

OBJECTIVES

• Deepen foundations of social welfare policy and services by applying principles of social welfare policy learned in Social Welfare Policies and Services I to a particular population or social welfare issue.

• Apply historical knowledge, theoretical frameworks, and social welfare principles to the development and assessment of social welfare policy targeted to particular populations and/or social issues

• Understand the diverse needs, beliefs, interests and experiences of a particular populations or those affected by a particular social issue as well as within-group differences based on race, gender, class, sexual orientation, age, ethnicity, culture, religion, or varying mental and physical abilities.

• Examine the development and impact of the structure and operation of social welfare programs and current trends in social welfare policy targeted to special populations or issues.

• Explore how the complex dynamics of discrimination, economic deprivation, and institutionalized oppression create social problems and place particular populations and the different groups within them at risk; how the forces of racism, sexism, classism, heterosexism and the other “isms” limit the well-being of these populations and groups and how these institutionalized oppressions affect the capacity of social welfare policy and social service programs to mediate, address, redress otherwise ensure social, economic and political justice.

• Recognize and address situations in which the operation of social welfare policy and the delivery of social services to a special population enforce or violate social work values and ethics including individual dignity, self-determination, respect for differences, adequacy of resources and responsiveness of social programs.

• Learn how social welfare policy aimed at special populations and/or issues can help or hinder efforts to meet clients needs, modify existing programs, change social conditions and otherwise promote, social, economic, and political justice.

• Know how social welfare policy knowledge and skills developed for work with one issue or population can be applied to others.

OUTCOMES

Upon successful completion, Social Welfare Policies and Services II, Special Topics in Social Welfare Policy and Services, students will be able to demonstrate a range of competencies in relation to stated course objectives. In class projects, written assignments, and class discussions, students will be asked to demonstrate their ability to:

• Apply foundations of social welfare policy to particular populations, issues or social problems.

• Contextualize social welfare policy and its impact on special populations and particular social conditions through a synthesis of historical knowledge, theoretical frameworks, and social welfare concepts.

• Discuss the range of needs, beliefs, interests, and experiences found among members of a special population as well as the diversity of needs, beliefs, interests and experiences of groups within this population; discuss the importance of creating social welfare policies and social service programs that take diversity at all levels into account.

• Describe and analyze the structure and operation of social welfare programs, targeted to special populations or issues and the impact of current trends in social welfare policy on the capacity of agencies and programs to meet the needs of this population.

• Formulate an understanding of the role of social welfare policy in addressing particular forms of discrimination, economic deprivation, and institutionalized oppression faced by a special population group and those within in it who experience injustice because they are treated unfairly and unequally on the basis of their race, class, gender, sexual orientation as well as age, ethnicity, culture, religion or mental and physical ability.

• Assess social policies and services for compatibility with social welfare values including individual dignity, self-determination, respect for differences, adequacy of resources and responsiveness of social programs and the need for the profession to address any resulting conflicts.

• Show that they can transfer knowledge and skills developed for work with a specific issue or special population to more generalized issues and groups.

I.. INTRODUCTION: REVIEW AND OVERVIEW
Reviews key definitions of terms, issues, and themes from Social Welfare Policies and Programs I; discusses the application principles of social welfare policy developed in Social Welfare Policies and Programs I; to specific problems and special populations. Provides an overview of Social Welfare Policies and Programs II.

Required Reading:
Abramovitz, Mimi. (1996). Regulating The Lives of Women: Social Welfare Policy From Colonial
Time to the Present, 2nd ed., Boston: South End, Chapters 2 & 4.

Bassuk, Ellen, Browne, Angela & Burckner, John. (1996). “Single Mothers and Welfare,”
Scientific American, (October), pp. 60-67.

Beck, Debra Baker Beck ( 1998) The “F: Word” How the Media Frame Feminism, Nationa; Women’s Studies Journal 10(1), pp., 139-153.

Burghardt, Steve. “A Materialist Framework for Social Work Theory and Practice in F. Turner, (Ed.) Social Work Treatment” Interlocking Theoretical Approaches. N.Y.: The Free Press (1996),
pp. 409-434.

Butler, R.N., Grossman, L.K., Oberlink, M.R. (Eds.) (1999) Life in an Older America. A Century Foundation Book. Century Foundation Press, NY.

Chambers, Clark A.(1986). "Women in the Creation of the Social Work Profession," Social Service Review, (March), pp. 1-33.

Cohen, Patricia. (2001, June 30). Judicial Reasoning is All Too Human. The New York Times, B7

Collins, Patricia H. (1990). Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. N.Y.: Harper Collins, Chapter 4, pp. 67-90.

Davis, Liane V. (1994). “Why We Still Need A Women’s Agenda,” in L. Davis (ed.)Building on
Women’s Strengths: A Social Work Agenda for the Twenty-First Century. New York: Haworth
Press, pp. 1-25.

Dickson, Donald. (1995). Law in the Health and Human Services. New York: Free Press.

Fabricant, Michael & Burghardt, Steve. (1992). The Welfare State Crisis and the Transformation of Social Work. Armonk, N.Y., Chapter 1

Faludi, Susan 1991) Backlash: The Undeclared War Against American Women (NY: Crown Publishers,) pp. ix-xxiii, pp. 454-460

Faludi, Susan ( 2001) Don't Get The Wrong Message, Newsweek (January) p.56
Nancy Gibbs, (1992) The War Against Feminism", Time Magazine, 3/9 pp. 50- 55

Fellin, P. (1996). Mental Health and Mental Illness: Policies, Programs and Services. Itasca, Ill:
Peacock, Chapters 5 & 6.

Gordon, Linda.(1989). "Race and Class in Women's Welfare Activism, 1890-1945." Unpublished manuscript. 35 pp.

Gough, Ian.(1979). The Political Economy of the Welfare State. London: Macmillan, Introduction.

Healy, Lynne. (1992). Introducing International Development Content in Social Work Curriculum.
Silver Spring: NASW.

Hopper, Kim & Hamberg, Jill.(1984) The Making of America's Homeless: From Skid Row to New Poor (N.Y.: Community Service Society, 1984).

Horn, P. (1995). Children’s Work and Welfare, 1780-1890. N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.

Iglehart, J.K. (1997). Health Issues, The President and the 105th Congress. The New England Journal of Medicine, 336(9), (Feb.), pp. 671-675.

Institute for Women’s Policy Research (1996). State of the States: Women & Economic Security, Washington, D.C., 8 pgs.

Kennedy, Jr., John. 1998) Personality Type and Judicial Decision Making. Judge’s Journal, 37(3), 4-10. Ladd-Taylor. (1994). Mother-Work: Women, Children and the State, 1890-1930. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

Langley, Patricia A. (1991). “The Coming of Age of Family Policy,” Families in Society, 72(5),
(May), (Special Issue).

Levitan, Sar. A. (1995). “Employment and Unemployment Measurement,” in Encyclopedia of Social Work, 19th edition, Washington, NASW Press.

Lusk, Mark and Stoesz, David. (1994). “International social work in a global economy. Journal of
Multicultural Social Work, 3(2), pp. 101-113.

Miller, Dorothy C, (1994) ,“ What Is Needed For True Equality: An Overview of Policy Issues for Women in L. Davis (Ed) Building on Women's Strengths: A Social Work Agenda For The Twenty- First Century, (NY: Haworth Press) pp. 27-56 (

Mizrahi, T. (1995). “Health Care: Reform Initiatives,” Encyclopedia of Social Work, 18th edition, “Health Care Policy, Post 1994,” Encyclopedia of Social Work Supplement, 1997.

Moody, H. R. (1994) Aging Concepts and Controversies. Pine Forge Press. A Sage Publication Coy. CA.

Peterson ,Megan( 2000) Is the Father's' Rights Movement the Next Big Threat to Women's Equality, National NOW Times, p.12

Smith, E.P. & Merkel-Holguin. (1996). A History of Child Welfare. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers.

Sullivan, Kathleen M. (2001, Winter). Constitutionalizing Women’s Equality. The Record of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York, 56(1), 22-37.

Toobin, Jeffrey. (2000, March 6). The Unasked Question. The New Yorker, 38-44.

Withorn, Ann ( 2000) IsThere Anything A Feminist Can't Do? Soujourner. May 2000, p .7 (X(

Recommended Reading
Benedict, Helen. (1998). Fear of Feminism. The Nation, p.10.

Berry, J. “Planning for the 21st Century.” Journal of Aging and Social Policy Vol. 2. No. 3/4 pps.9-12

Binstock, R. & George, L.( 1996) Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences. New York, NY. Van Nostrand Rheinhold.

Black, M.(1996). Children First: The Story of UNICEF, Past and Present, N.Y. Oxford University Press.

Brown, DK. (1997) Introduction to Public Policy. An Aging Perspective. University Press of America. Lanham, MD.

Butler, R. (1975). Why Survive? Being Old In America. New York: Harper & Row.

Butler, R. Lewis, M. & Sunderland, T. (1991). Aging and Mental Health, Positive Psychosocial and
Biomedical Approaches. Macmillan

Chafe, Wm. (1992). “Sex and Race: The Analogy of Social Control,” in P. Rothenberg, (ed.)
Race, Class and Gender in the U.S.: An Integrated Study. St. Martin’s Press, pp. 374-387.
Cook, J.F. (1995). A History of Placing Out: The Orphan Trains. Child Welfare, 74(1), pp. 181-197.

Deinbeck & Singleton. (1981). A Practical Guide to Legal Writing and Method. F.B. Rothman & Co.

Dicker, Sheryl. (1990). Stepping Stones: Successful Advocacy for Children. N.Y.: Foundation for
Child Development.

Espin, Oliva. (1992). “Cultural & Historical Influences on Sexuality in Hispanic/Latin Women,” in
M. Andersen & P.H. Collins, (eds.) Race, Class & Gender: An Anthology. Belmont, CA.:
Wadsworth, pp. 141-146.

Estes, Richard. (1995). Education for Social Development, Social Development Issue, 16(3),
pp. 68-90.

Fabricant, Michael & Kelly, Michael. (1987). "The Political Economy of Homelessness," Catalyst, #21 (Fall), pp. 11-28.

Globerman, J. & Bogo, M. (1995). “Social Work and the New Integrative Hospital and Comments
by H. Falck. Social Work in Health Care, 21(3), pp. 1-28.

Greenfield, Ernest. (1957). "Attributes of a Profession," Social Work, (July).

Grob, G.N. (1994). “Government and Mental Health Policy: A Structural Analysis, Milbank Quarterly, 72(3), pp. 471-500.

Kohikoff, Laurence. (1994). Passing The Generational Buck. The Public Interest (Winter), 71,
pp. 73-81.

Kotelchuk, R. (1992). “Medicaid Managed Care: A Mixed Review,” Health PAC Bulletin, 22(3),
(Fall), pp. 4-11; 16-18.

Lindenmeyer, K. (1997). A Right to Childhood: The U.S. Children’s Bureau and Child Welfare, 1912-1946. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

Lourde, A. (1984). Sister Outsider, Trumansburg, N.Y.:Crossing Press.

Meyer, Howard N. (2001). The Amendment that Refused to Die – Equality and Justice Deferred A History of the Fourteenth Amendment. Lanham, Md.: First Madison Books.

Midgley, James. (1995). Internation and comparative social welfare. In R. Edwards, (ed.) Encyclopedia of Social Work, 19th Ed., Washington, NASW, pp. 1490-1499.

Miller, Dorothy C. (1994). “What is Needed for True Equality: An Overview of Policy Issues for
Women in L. Davis, (ed.) Building on Women’s Strengths: A Social Work Agenda for the Twenty-
First Century. New York: Haworth Press, pp. 27-56.

Muncy, Robyn.(1990). “Gender and Professionalization in the Origins of the U.S. Welfare State: The Careers of Sophonisba Breckinridge and Edith Abbott, 1890-1930.” Journal of Policy History 2 (3), pp.290-315.

NOW Legal Defense and Education Fund. (2000, November 15). Outline I Women Changing the Law for Women. The Inaugural Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg Distinguished Lecture on Women and the Law. New York: Author.

Watkins, S.A. (1990). The Mary Ellen Myth: Correcting Child Welfare History. Social Work, 35(6), pp.500-503.

Zook, Wendy Kaminer. (1993). “Feminism’s Identity Crisis,” The Atlantic. (Oct.), pp. 51-68.

II. THEORIES, FRAMEWORKS, AND MODELS
Examines theories, frameworks, and models to inform an analysis of the definition of the key social issues, the experiences of diverse groups in society and of capacity of the service delivery systems to serve special populations at risk.

Required Reading
Abramovitz, Mimi.(1992). "Poor Women in a Bind: Social Reproduction Without Social Supports," AFFILIA. 7 (2) (Summer), pp. 23-43.

Abramovitz, M.(1996). Regulating the Lives of Women, 2nd edition, Boston: South End Press, Ch.2.

Ammett, Teresa. (1990). "Black Women and AFDC: Making Entitlement out of Necessity," in L. Gordon, (ed.), Women, The State and Welfare, Madison: Univ. of Wisconsin, pp. 280-298.

Arnup, K. (1985). "Lesbian - Feminist Theory." Resources For Feminist Research, 12 (1), pp. 53-55.

Bagarozzi, D. (1995). “Evaluation, Accountability, and Clinical Expertise in Managed Mental Health Care,”Journal of Family Social Work, 1(2), pp. 107-116.

Bateman, Nancy. (2001, November). Consent, Authorization, and Notice under HIPAA Privacy Regulations. Mental and Behavioral Health Practice Update, Washington D.C.: National Association of Social Workers. [Available at: http://www.socialworkers.org.]

Blau, Joel. (1992). The Visible Poor, New York: Oxford Press, Chapters 3-6.

Briar, Katharine & Seck, Essie. “Jobs and Earnings in Encyclopedia of Social Work, 19th edition,
Washington: NASW Press, (1995), pp. 1539-1545.

Burt, Martha. (1992). Over The Edge: The Growth of Homelessness in the 1980's. NY: Russel Sage Foundation, Chapters 3-6.

Carroll, D. (1994). “Self Help and the New Health Agenda.” Social Policy, 24(3), pp. 44-52.

Carten, A.J. & Fennoy, I. (1997). African American Families and HIV/AIDS: Caring for Surviving
Children. Child Welfare, 76(1), pp. 107-25.

Chipungu, S.S. & Leashore, B.R. (Editors) (1991). Child Welfare: An Africentric Perspective. New
Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press/.

Collins, Patricia H(1990) .Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. (NY: Harper Collins), Ch 4. Mammies, Matriarchs, and other Controlling Images, pp. 67-90 (

Courtney, Mark et al. (1996). Race and Child Welfare Services: Past Research and Future Directions. Child Welfare, LXXV (2), 99-137.

Espin, Oliva (1992) Cultural & Historical Influences on Sexuality in Hispanic/Latina Women, in M, Andersen & P Collins (Eds), Race, Class & Gender: An Anthology. (Belmont Ca: Wadsworth), pp. 141-146

Erickson,E.,Erickson,E.&Kivnick, H. (1986) Vital Involvement in Old Age. W.W.Norton,New York, NY

Everett, J.E. (1994). Relative Foster Care: An Emerging Trend in Foster Care Placement Policy and Practice. Smith College Studies in Social Work, 65(3), pp. 239-254.

Fabricant, Michael & Burghardt, Steve. (1992). The Welfare State Crisis and the Transformation of Social Work. Armonk, N.Y., Chapter 2

Feminism and Feminisms," in Wilma Mankiller, Gwendolyn Mink, Marysa Navarro, Barbara Smith, and Gloria Steinem (1998) (eds) The Reader’s Companion to US. Women History, Boston Houghton Mifflin Co. pp. 187- 221.

Frye, Marilyn. (1992). Oppression, in P. Rothenberg, (ed.) Race, Class & Gender in U.S.: An Integrated Study. N.Y.: St. Martins’s Press, pp. 54-58.

Garcia, Alma M. (1990). The Development of Chicana Feminist Discourse, 1970-1980," in Ellen Dubois & Vicki Ruiz, (Eds.) Unequal Sisters: A Multicultural Reader in U.S.Women's History, N.Y.: Routledge, pp. 418-431.

Gelman, S., Pollack, D., and Weiner, A. (1999). Confidentiality of Social Work Records in the Computer Age. Social Work, 44(3), 243-252.

Getzel, G.( 1985) "Critical Themes for Gerontological Social Work Practice" in Gerontological Social Work Practice in the Community, Getzel & Mellor (ed) Haworth Press. New York, NY. .

Gil, David. (1988). "The Ideological Context of Child Welfare," in Laird, P. & Hartman, A. (Eds.) A Handbook of Child Welfare, N.Y.: Free Press.

Goldman, Howard & Morrissey, Joseph.(1985). "The Alchemy of Mental Health Policy: Homelessness and the Fourth Cycle of Reform," American Journal of Public Health, (July).

Gough, Ian. (1980). The Political Economy of The Welfare State, London: MacMillan Press, pp.1-54.

Hartman, A. (1995). Ideological Themes in Family Policy. Families in Society, pp. 182-192.

Hooks, Bell.(1981). Ain't I A Women: Black Woman & Feminism. "Sexism & The Black Female Slave Experience," Boston: South End Press, Ch. 1, pp. 15-49.

Hubbard, Ruth, (1992) “Social Effects of Some Contemporary Myths About Women,” in P. Rothenberg( Ed), Race, Class and Gender in the US: An Integrated Study ( NY: St. Martin’s Press), pp. 45-51

Hudson, T. (1995). “Sick and Tired: Reinventing Public Health Care System May Be Its Only Hope for Survival.” Hospital and Health Networks. 69(20), pp. 28-32.

Jonas, S. & Mellor, J. (Ed.) Geriatric Psychiatry for African Americans. Conference Proceedings. Harlem Hospital Center and Hunter/Mount Sinai Geriatric Education Center. Available from GEC 425 East 25 St. NYC. NY 10010-2590. (212.481-4350)

Keigher, S. (1995). “Managed Care’s Silent Seduction of America and the New Politics of Choice.” Health and Social Work, 20 (2), pp. 146-151.

Kingson, E.R. (1996) Ways of Thinking about the Long Term Care of the Baby-Boomer Cohorts. Journal of Aging and Social Policy. Vol.7, No. 3/4

Liebamn, George. (1997). “Single Mothers Do Not Need Welfare, in Cozic & Winters, (eds.) Welfare: Opposing Views, San Diego, CA.: Greenhaven Press, pp. 49-55.

Lindsey, D. (1994). The Welfare of Children, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.

Lorber, Judith (1998), Gender Inequality Feminist Theories and Politics.. Ch 1 The Variety of Feminisms and Their Contributions to Gender Equality, Los Angeles, Roxbury Pub Co, pp.1-13)

MacDonald, Heather. (1998). The Real Welfare Problem is Illegitimacy.” The City Journal. (Nov.),
pp. 1-14.

Mallon, G.P. (1997). Toward a Competent Child Welfare Service Delivery System for Gay and Lesbian Adolescents and Their Families. Journal of Multicultural Social Work, 5(3/4), pp. 177-194.

Mannes, Marc. (1993). Family Preservation: A Professional Reform Movement. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 20(3), (September) pp. 5-24.

Matthaie, Julie. (1988). “Political Economy and Family Policy,” in Robert Cherry, (ed.) The Imperiled Economy, Book II. New York: Union of Radical Political Economists, pp. 141-150.

McLeod, J.D. & Shananhan, M.J. (1996). Trajectories of Poverty and Children’s Mental Health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 37(3),pp. 207-220.

McPhatter, A.R. (1997). Cultural Competence in Child Welfare: What is it? How do we achieve it? What happens without it? Child Welfare, 76(1), pp.255-78.

McRoy, R.G.; Oglesby, Z. & Grape, H. (1997). Achieving Same-race Adoptive Placements for African American Children: Culturally Sensitive Practice Approaches. Child Welfare, 76(1), pp. 85-104.

Mink, Gwendolyn. (1998). Welfare’s End. Ithaca: Cornell University press, Ch.1, pp. 1-32.

Molloy, Daniel J. and Kurzman, Paul A. (1993). "Practice with Unions: Collaborating Toward an Empowerment Model," Ch. 3 in P.A. Kurzman & S.H. Akabas (Eds.) Work and Well-Being: The Occupational Social Work Advantage, Washington: NASW Press.

O’Flaherty, Brendon. (1996). Making Room: The Economics of Homelessness.” Cambridge, Harvard University Press, Chapters 6,7 & 10.

Rich, Adrienne (1993) Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence, in Jaggar & P Rothenberg (eds) ( 1993, 3rd ed) Feminist Frameworks: Alternative Theoretical Accounts of the Relations Between Women and Men (NY: McGraw Hill pp. 489-491( B)

Roberts, Dorothy E. (1999, December). Is There Justice in Children’s Rights? The Critique of Federal Family Preservation Policy. University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law, 2(112), 1-8.

Ronnau, John & Marlow, Christine. (1993). Family Preservation, Poverty, and the Value of Diversity. Families In Society, 74 (9), (November), pp. 538-544.

Rosenthal, Beth Spenciner. (1993). Upper Middle Class Support for The Idea of Family Allowances. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 20 (3), (September), pp. 81-92.

Rowe, J. & Kahn, R. (1997). “Successful Aging,” in Gerontologist, 37(4), pp. 433-440.

Salmon, J.W. (1995). “A Perspective on the Corporate Transformation of Health Care. International Journal of Health Services, 25(1), pp. 11-42.

Schames, G. (1996). “Who Profits and Who Benefits From Managed Mental Health Care.” Smith College Studies in Social Work, 66 (3), pp. 209-220.

Sherrill, R. (1995). “The Madness of the Market,” The Nation, (January), pp. 45-72.

Stone, D. (1997). “The Doctor as Businessman: The Changing Politics of a Cultural Icon.” Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 22(2), pp. 533-556.

Tong, Rosemarie,( 1998, 2n ed) Feminist Thought. Ch 1 The Diversity of Feminist Thinking Boulder , CO Westview Press pp 1-9

Tucker, William. (1996). “The Moral of the Story,” The American Spectator, (Oct.), pp. 21-25.

White House Conference on Aging Final Report. (1995). The Road to an Aging Policy for the 21st Century.

Recommended Reading
Abramovitz, Mimi.(1987). "Privatizing Health Care: The Bottom Line is Society Loses," The Nation, (October).

Adams, William.(1987). Rural Homelessness in America: Appalachia and The South. Washington, D.C.: National Coalition for the Homeless.

Almeleh, Naomi, et.al.(1993). "Women's Achievement of Empowerment Through Activism in the Workplace," AFFILIA, (Spring).

Antler, Stephen. (1985). "The Social Policy Context of Child Welfare," in P. Land and A. Hartman, (Eds),A Handbook of Child Welfare, New York: Free Press.

Athey, J.L. (1991). HIV Infection and Homeless Adolescents. Child Welfare, 70(5), pp. 517-528.

Aust. P.H. (1994). When the Problem is Not the Problem: Understanding Attention Deficit Disorder with and Without Hyperactivity. Child Welfare, 73(3), pp. 215-227.

Bernstein, Nina. (2001). The Lost Children of Wilder The Epic Struggle to Change Foster Care. New York: Pantheon Books.

Burghardt, Steve. (1982). "The Class Character of Social Work," in The Other Side of Organizing Cambridge, Mass.: Schenkman, Ch. 10.

Butler, R., Lewis, M., & Sunderland, T.(1991). Aging and Mental Health: Positive Psychosocial and Biomedical Approaches, 4th ed., N.Y.: MacMillan.

Byrd, M.W. & Clayton, L.(1991). “The Slave Health Deficit: Racism and Health Outcomes,” in Health PAC Bulletin, 21 (2), (Summer), pp. 25-29.

Chai, Alice Yun. (1985)."Towards A Holistic Paradign for Asian American Women's Studies: A Synthesis of Feminist Scholarship and Women of Color's Feminist Politics," Women's Studies International Forum, 8 (1), pp. 59-66.

Conway, Margaret, et.al. (1995). Women and Public Policy: A Revolution in Progress. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Press, Chapter 8, pp. 148-168.

Cowger, Charles & Atherton, C. (1974). "Social Control: A Rationale for Social Welfare," Social Work, (July).

Crawford, R. (1978). "Your Are Dangerous to Your Health," Social Policy, 8 (4), (Jan./Feb.).

Davis, Angela.(1983). Women, Race and Class N.Y.: Vintage Books, Ch. 1, "The Legacy of Slavery: Standards For a New Womanhood," pp. 3-29.

Deglau, Erika. (1985). "A Critique of Social Welfare Theories: The Culture of Poverty & Learned Helplessness," Catalyst, 19.

Dressel, Paula. (1994). “And We Keep Building Prisons: Racism, Poverty, and Challenges to the Welfare State,” in Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, XVI (3), (Sept.), pp. 7-31.

Dubowitz, H., Feigelman, S., & Starr, R., et.al.(1994). Children in Kinship Foster Care: How do they Fare? Children and Youth Services Review, 16(1/2), pp. 85-106.

Eisenstein, Hester.(1983). Contemporary Feminist Thought. Ch. 5, "Lesbianism & Women Identified Woman.” Boston: G.K. Hall, pp. 48-58.

Fabricant, Michael & Kelly, Michael. (1987). “The Political Economy of Homelessness,” Catalyst,
6(1), (Fall), pp. 11-28.

Firestone, Shulamith. (1984). “The Dialectic of Sex,” in Jagger & Rothenberg, (eds.) Feminist Frameworks: Alternative Theoretical Accounts of the Relations Between Women and Men, 2nd ed., N.Y.: McGraw Hill, pp. 136-143

Fisher, Antwone Q. (2001). Finding Fish. New York: William Morrow..

Folbre, Nancy. (1988). "Whither Families? Towards A Socialist-Feminist Family Policy," Socialist Review, 88 (Oct./Dec.), pp. 57-75.

Fontaine, C. (1982). "Teaching The Psychology of Women: A Lesbian Feminist Perspective," in M. Cruikshank (Ed.) Lesbian Studies: Present and Future. Old Westbury, N.Y.: Feminist Press, pp. 70-79.

Freidson, E. (1984). "The Changing Nature of Professional Control," American Review of Sociology, 10, pp. 1-20.

Freidson, E. (1971). "Professionalism: The Doctor's Dilemma," Social Policy, 1 (5), (Jan./Feb.).

Glenn, Evelyn Nakano. (1985). "Racial Ethnic Women's Labor: The Intersection of Race, Gender and Class Oppression," Review of Radical Political Economics. 17 (3), pp. 86-108.

Goldstein, Joseph et al. (1996). The Best Interests of The Child: The Least Detrimental Alternative. New York: The Free Press.

Gould, Ketayun H.(1987). "Feminist Principles and Minority Concerns: Contributions, Problems, Solutions," Affilia: Journal For Women in Social Work, 2 (3), (Fall) pp. 6-19.

Hokenstad, M.C. & Midgley, James.(Eds.) (1997). Realities of Global Interdependence. Issues in
International Social Work. Washington: NASW Press, pp. 1-10.

Holmes, Gary & Saleebey, Dennis. (1993). Empowerment, The Medical Model and the Politics of Clienthood. Journal of Progressive Human Services, 4 (1), pp. 61-78.

Illich, I. (1976). Medical Nemesis, Bantam Books, part 1, Introduction.

Jaggar, Alison & Rothenberg, Paula.(1993). Feminist Frameworks: Alternative Theoretical Accounts of the Relations Between Women and Men, 3rd ed., (1) Theories of Women's Oppression, (pp. 81-99, 104-114); (2) Applying the Frameworks: Paid Labor, (pp. 215-221); (3) Applying the Frameworks: Family, (pp.292,301); (4) Applying the Frameworks: Sexuality (pp. 380-386), N.Y.: McGraw Hill.

Judt, Tony. (1997). The Social Question redivivus. Foreign Affairs, 76(5), (Sept.) pp. 95-117.

Katz, L. & Robinson, C. (1991). Foster Care Drift: A Risk-Assessment Matrix. Child Welfare, 70,
pp. 347-358.

Kotelchuk, Rhonda. (1992). “Medicaid Managed Care,” Health PAC Bulletin, (Fall).

Laird, J. (1979). An Ecological Approach to Child Welfare: Issues of Family Identity and Continuity. In C. Germain, (ed.) Social Work Practice: People and Environments. N.Y.: Columbia University Press,pp. 174-209.

Light, Donald. (1986). "Corporate Medicine for Profit," Scientific American, (December).

Lowry, Marcia. (1986). Derring-Do in the 1980s: Child Welfare Impact Litigation After the Warren Years. Family Law Quarterly, XX (2), 255-280.

MacKinnon, Catherine A. (1989). Toward A Feminist Theory of The State. Chapters 9,10 & 12.

Mathews, Gary & Wagenfeld, Morton O. (1991). "A Cross Cultural Perspective on Selected Mental Health Systems," Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. XVIII (2) (June), p. 155.

McKinlay, J. & Stoeckle, J.D. (1985). "Corporatization and Social Transformation of Doctors," International Journal of Health Services, 2, pp. 191-205.

McKinlay, J. & Arches, J.(1985). “Toward the Proletarization of Physicians.” IJHS, pp. 162-195.
Miller, Dorothy, C. (1987). "Children's Policy and Women's Policy: Congruence or Conflict," Social Work, 32 (July/August), pp. 289-292.

Mink, Gwendolyn.(1990). "The Lady and The Tramp: Gender, Race and the Origins of the American Welfare State," in Gordon, Linda, (Ed.) Women, The State and Welfare. Madison, Wisc.: University of Wisconsin Press, pp. 92-122.

Nakano, Evelyn, Glenn. (1985). "Racial Ethnic Women's Labor: The Intersection of Race, Gender and Class Oppression," Review of Radical Political Economics, 17 (3), pp. 86-108.

Nes, Janet A. & Iadicole, Peter. (1989). "Toward A Definition of Feminist Social Work: A Comparison of Liberal, Radical and Socialist Models," Social Work, 34 (1), (January), pp. 12-22.

Northrup, G. (1994). Applied Research in Residential Care. Residential Treatment for Children and Youth, 12(1), entire issue.

Northrup, G. (Editor).(1993). The Management of Sexuality in Residential Treatment, Binghamton, N.Y.: Haworth Press.

Omolade, Barbara. (1980). “Black Women and Feminism” in Hester Eisenstein and Alice Jardiner, (Eds.) The Future of Difference, New Brunswick: Rutgers Univ. Press.

Ozawa, Martha N. (1982). "Work and Social Policy" in Sheila H. Akabas and Paul A. Kurzman, (Eds.) Work, Workers, and Work Organizations: A View From Social Work Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall Publishers, Ch. 3.

Roberts, Dorothy. (1990). "The Future of Reproductive Choice for Poor Women and Women of Color," Women's Rights Law Reporter, 12 (Summer), pp. 59-67.

Segal, E.A. (1994). Critical Issues in Child Welfare, Sage Publishers.

Sen, Gita & Grown, Caren.(1987). Development Crises and Alternative Visions: Third World Women's Perspectives. New York: Monthly Review Press, Ch. 1; Gender and Class in Development Experience, pp. 23-49.

Sheak, Robert & Dabelko, David D.(1991). "Conservative Welfare Reform Proposals and the Reality of Subemployment," Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. XVIII (1) (March), pp. 47-70.

Sidel, Ruth.(1996). Keeping Women and Children Last, N.Y.: Penguin Books.

Special Child Welfare Advisory Panel. (2000, December 7). Final Report. New York: Author. [Available at http://www.aecf.org/child /finalrpt.pdf].

Swigonski, Mary. (1993). “Feminist Standpoint Theory and the Question of Social Work Research,
Affilia, 8(2), (Summer), pp. 171-183.

Waring, Betsy. (1986). "Feminist Theory and Social Work," in H. Marchant and B. Wearing (Eds.) Gender Reclaimed: Women in Social Work, Sydney, NSW, Australia: Hale and Iremonger, pp. 14-37.

Zinn, Deborah K. (1987). "Welfare Dependency as the Language of Social Control," in Figueira-McDonough and R.Sarri (Eds.) The Trapped Women, Newbury Park, Calif.: Sage, pp. 216-257.

III. SERVICES FOR SPECIAL POPULATIONS
Critically explores, assesses, and analyzes social welfare policy and social services in relation to specific issues or populations. Special attention is paid to the needs of special populations, the structure and operation of social policy and social services, professional issues and questions of rights, values, ethics and bias.

A. NEEDS OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS.
Identifies the needs, interest, and experiences of diverse groups within special populations. Examines the similarities and differences of needs within diverse groups, their exposure to the forces of institutionalized oppression, their relationship to the social service delivery system and the unique service requirements.

Required Reading
Abel, Emily K.(1991). Who Cares for the Elderly? Public Policy and the Experiences of Adult Daughters. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

Abramovitz, Mimi.(1996). Regulating The Lives of Women: Social Welfare Policy From Colonial Times to the Present, 4th ed., Boston: South End Press, Background, Chapters 1,3, 5, 6, 10.

Abramovitz , Mimi (2000) Under Attack, Fighting Back, Women and Welfare in the US.(NY: Monthly Review) Ch. 3. Gendered Welfare State, pp. 86-112

Aitken, L & Griffin, G. (1996) Gender Issues in Elder Abuse. Sage. Thousand Oaks, CA.

Allen, Tuovi. (1996). The Nordic Model of Gender Equality: The Welfare State, Patriarchy, and Unfinished Emancipation, in V. Moghadam, (ed.). Patriarchy and Economic Development. Oxford:
Clarenden Press.

American Bar Association and the National Bar Association (2001). Justice by Gender: The Lack of Appropriate Prevention, Diversion and Treatment Alternatives for Girls in the Justice System: A Report. Washington D.C.: Author.

Barth, R. (1997). Effects of Age and Race on the Odds of Adoption Versus Remaining in Long-term Out-of-Home Care. Child Welfare, 76(2), pp. 285-308.

Blau, Joel. (1992). The Visible Poor. New York: Oxford University Press, Chapters 8 & 9.

Brody, E. 1985. "Parent Care as a Normative Family Stress" in Gerontologist,(25((1). Feb.

Brown, Freida & Tooley, Joan. (1989). “Alcoholism in the Black Community,” in G. & A. Lawson, (eds.)Alcoholism and Substance Abuse in Special Populations, Rockville, MD.: Aspen Publishers.

Burghardt, Steve & Fabricant, Michael.(1987). Working Under the Safety Net. Beverly Hills: Sage Publishers, Chapters 2 - 7.

Burnette, D. (1997). Grandparents Raising Grandchildren in the Inner City. Families in Society,
pp. 489-499.

Callahan, J.J., et.al. (1998). “Mental Health and Substance Abuse Treatment in Managed Care,” in G. Schamess & A. Lighburn, (eds.) Humane Managed Care?, Chapter 12.

Cesareo Amezcua, et.al. (1990). "A Su Salud: Health Promotion in a Mexican-American Border Community," in Neil Bracht (Ed.), Health Promotion at the Community Level. Sage Publications.

Cox, C.B. (Ed.) (1999) To Grandmother’s House We Go and Stay. Springer Publishing Company, NY.

Crawley, Brenda. (1992). "The Transformation of the American Labor Force: Elder African Americans and Occupational Social Work," Social Work, 37 (1), (January), pp. 41-46.

Domenici, P.V. (1993). “Mental Health Policy in the 1990s: Discrimination in Health Care Coverage of the Seriously Mentally Ill.” The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 54, pp. 5-7.

Feinstein, Randi et al. (2001). Juvenile Justice: Justice for All. New York: The Lesbian and Gay Youth Project of the Urban Justice Center. [Available at: http://urbanjustice.org/ publications/mentalbody.html]

Fine, Michelle, et.al., (1982). “Cultures of Drinking: A Workplace Perspective,” Social Work. (Sept.).

French, L. (1987). "Victimization of the Mentally Ill: An Unintended Consequence of Deinstitutionalization," Social Work, 32 (6) (Nov./Dec.), pp. 502-505.

Fried, S.B. & Mehrota, C.M. (1998) Aging and Diversity. An Active Learning Experience. Taylor and Francis

Gebel, T.J. (1996). Kinship Care and Non-relative Family Foster Care: A Comparison of Caregiver Attributes and Attitudes. Child Welfare, 75(1), pp. 5-18.

Gill, C.J. (1992). Cultivating Common Ground: Women with Disabilities. Health PAC Bulletin, (Winter),pp. 32-37.

Gooden, Susan T( 2000) Race and Welfare: Examining Employment Outcomes of White and Black Welfare Recipients, Journal of Poverty 4(3) pp.21-41(X)

Googins, Bradley & Burden, Dianne.(1987). "Vulnerability of Working Parents: Balancing Work and Home Roles," Social Work, 32 (4) (July/August), pp. 295-300.

Gray, Muriel C. (1995). “Drug Abuse,” in Encyclopedia of Social Work, 19th ed., Vol.1, Washington:NASW Press, pp. 795-803.

Groze, V., McMillen, J.C., Haines-Simeon, M. (1993). Families who Foster Children with HIV: A Pilot Study. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 10(1), pp. 67-87.

Hacker, A. (1992). “The Racial Income Gap: How Much Is Due to Bias?” and “Equity in Employment,” in Two Nations: Black & White, Separate, Hostile, Unequal. N.Y.: C. Scribner & Sons.

Hagen, Jan. (1987). "Gender and Homelessness." Social Work, 32 (4) (July/August), pp. 312-316.

Hampton, Robert L.(1987). "Violence Against Black Children: Current Knowledge and Future Research Needs" in Robert L. Hampton (Ed.) Violence in the Black Family: Correlates and Consequences, Lexington, Mass: Lexington Books, pp. 3-20.

Harm, Nancy J. (1992). “Social Policy on Women Prisoners: A Historical Analysis,” AFFILIA, 7(1),
(Spring), pp. 90-108.

Hogan, P.T. & Sau-Fong, S. (1988). Minority Children and the Child Welfare System: An Historical
Perspective, Social Work, 33(6), pp. 493-498.

Iglehart, A.P. (1994). Kinship Foster Care: Placement, Service and Outcome Issues. Children and Youth Services Review, 16(1/2), pp. 107-122.

Janicki, M. 1991. Building the Future. Planning and Community Development in Aging and Developmental Disabilities. NYS Office of MR and DD. Albany. NY

Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved (1994). “Managed Care: Ensuing Equity for the Underserved.” 5(3), Entire Issue.

Kahne, Hilda. (1994). “Part-Time Work: A Reassessment for a Changing Economy,” Social Service Review (September).

Kirk, S.A. & Kutchins, H.(1992). The Selling of the DSM: The Rhetoric of Science in Psychiatry.
Hawthorn, N.Y.: Aldine de Gruyter.

Korgie,