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MASTER SYLLABUS - SSW 701 2002-2003

SOCIAL WELFARE POLICY AND SERVICES I
INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL WELFARE POLICY AND SERVICES

Social Welfare Policies and Services I
Introduction to Social Welfare Policy and Services

PURPOSE:
This foundation level course furnishes students with the orienting knowledge and skills needed to examine social welfare policies and to understand their relevance to social service delivery and social work practice. Drawing on liberal arts knowledge, Social Welfare Policy and Services I contextualizes social welfare policy and the social work profession, historically, conceptually, and ideologically. The course develops knowledge about family life, the market economy, government policies and other social structures that may or may not reflect social work values, promote social and economic justice or otherwise meet basic human needs. Students become familiar with basic issues, concepts, values, terminology, frameworks, and ethical issues that define social welfare policy and that influence their ability to work with diverse groups and populations at risk. Social welfare policy’s contribution to both oppression and social justice and the role of social work in social change are also addressed. More specifically, the objectives are for students to

OBJECTIVES
1. Define the boundaries of social welfare policy and their relationship to social service delivery and social work practice.

2. Develop a preliminary overview of key developments in the history of social welfare in the United States, including the social work profession.

3. Explore the various theoretical and ideological perspectives that have defined social problems, shaped social policies and services, and influenced past and present social welfare policy.

4. Recognize the social economic, political, historical, and ideological contexts in which social welfare policy operates and the influence of these social forces on the capacity of social welfare policy to contribute to individual well-being, the development of effective social welfare programs, and the promotion of social, economic, and political justice.

5. Understand the structure, operation and functions of contemporary social welfare programs (both public and private) and the social welfare system, changing principles and trends, and the concepts/models that can be used to study social welfare policy.

6. Recognize the diverse needs, beliefs, cultures, experiences, interests of clients of social welfare services and the ways in which social welfare policy does and does not ensure that these needs are acknowledged and met

7. Understand the role of social welfare policy in creating and/or ameliorating the risks of discrimination, economic deprivation, and institutionalized oppression faced by poor people and by persons of color, women, gay and lesbian persons as well as those who left behind due to age, ethnicity, culture, religion or varying mental and physical abilities.

8. Become familiar with the role of research in the development of social welfare policy.

9. Identify social work values and become sensitized to the conflicts and ethical issues that arise when these values which stress individual dignity , self-determination, respect for difference, adequacy of social provision, and responsive social programs differ from those that govern social welfare policy and the delivery of social services.

10. Become aware of the ways in which social welfare policy and social activism can promote social, political and economic justice through social change

OUTCOMES.
Upon successful completion of Social Welfare Polices and Services I ( SSW 701) students will have developed range of competencies in relation to course objectives. In class projects, written assignments, and class discussion students will be asked to demonstrate their ability to:

1. Formulate a working definition of social welfare policy and understand its implications for social service delivery and social work practice.

2. Recognize the role of history in the development of both social welfare policy and the social work profession.

3. Distinguish among the main ideological perspectives that define social problems and understand how they shape social policy solutions and the overall context in which social welfare policy operates.

4. Understand how varying social, economic, political, historical, and ideological contexts influence the ability of social welfare policy to support the growth and development of diverse individuals and groups; to create and sustain effective social service programs; and to promote social justice ,defined as the the full social, economic, and political participation of all persons in society.

5 Examine the structure, operation, and functions of contemporary social welfare programs (both public and private); understand the impact of new concepts and trends on social welfare policy and programs; be aware of the basic social policy concepts/models used to analyze policy and programs.

6 Discuss the range of needs, beliefs, interests, and experiences presented by social welfare program clients and the importance of designing social welfare policies and services that take such diversity into account.

7. Recognize the manifestations of institutionalized oppression (i.e. discrimination, exploitation, economic deprivation, powerlessness, marginalization) that confront poor people, persons of color, women, gay and lesbian persons as well as those who become excluded due to their age, ethnicity, culture, religion, or mental and physical ability and to assess how social welfare policy creates and/or ameliorates these risks.

8. Know about sources of data such as agency records, think tanks, government statistics, internet sites, and the uses of these data for social problem assessment, social planning, and social welfare policy development.

9. Clarify personal and professional values and identify the circimstances under which social welfare policy and programs can enhance or violate basic social work principles including dignity, self-determination, respect for difference, adequacy of social provision, and responsiveness of social programs.

10. Examine the values and skills used to promote or engage in social change activities directed to agencies, social conditions, and public policy

Social Welfare Policies and Services I
Introduction to Social Welfare Policy and Services

Recommended Texts
Anderson, Linda, P .A Sundet, & Irma Harrington.( 2000) The Social Welfare System in the United States: A Social Worker's Guide to Public Benefits Programs Boston: Allyn & Bacon

Dinitto, D. M. (2000). Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. (Fifth Edition).

Haynes K. S>& J.S. Mickelson( 2000. 4th ed ) Affecting Change: Social Workers in the Political Arena Boston: Allyn & Bacon,

Jansson, Bruce ( 2000. 4th ed) The Reluctant Welfare State Belmont: CA.Wadsworth

Popple, P.&Leighninger, L. (1999). Social work, Social Welfare, & American Society. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Prigoff,.Arlene ( 2000) Economics for Social Workers: Social Outcomes of Economic Globalization with Strategies for Social Action. Belmont,. Cal Wadsworth

Trattner, Walter I. (1999, 6th ed) . From Poor Law to Welfare State: A History of Social Welfare in America. New York: The Free Press

I. DEFINITIONS AND BOUNDARIES OF SOCIAL POLICY
Defines and delimits the boundaries of social welfare policy; identifies key policy issues and debates; looks at the current developments that have shaped the ability of social welfare programs to meet basic human needs, and identifies the relevance of social welfare policy for the delivery of social services and the practice of social work.

A. Core Readings
Day, Phyllis ( 1997 2nd ed) A New History of Social Welfare. Ch. 2 The Institution of Social Welfare, Boston: Allyn & Bason, pp 30-53.

Dahlke, O, Terry Mizrahi, et al ( DATE??) Dalke Reader: A Foundation For Social Policy Analysis , Part I Culturescape and Ecological Organization ( PAGE NUMBERS)

Dear, R.B. (1995). "Social Welfare Policy: Trends $Issues," Encyclopedia of Soc Work, (19th Ed ), pp.2225-2237.

DiNitto, Dianne.(1995). Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy (Englewood Cliffts, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc.) Chapter 1, pp. 1-31 & Chapter 2, (4th edition).

Epstein, Richard. (1993). "Altruism: Universal Selective," Social Service Review, 67(3), pp. 385-405.

Fabricant, M. & Burghardt, S. (1998) "Rising from the Ashes of Cutback, Political Warfare and Degraded Services: Community Building as a Template for Rebuilding the Welfare State," in Gaby Flosser & Hans-Uwe Otto, (Eds.) Toward More Democracy in Social Services. Berlin, NY: Walter de Gruyter.

Fabricant, M. & Burghardt, S. (1998). "Chaos or Community: The Myths and Realities of the Conservative Assault on the Welfare State. Community Practice, 5(4).

Fabricant, M. & Burghardt, S. (1992). "The Welfare State Crisis and the Transformation of Social Service Work.
Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, Chapter 1 & 2.

Fisher, William. (1995). Christian Coalitions Leadership Manuel. (printed copy), Chs. 1 & 2.

Friere, Paolo. (1990). (Translated by M. Moch) A Critical Understanding of Social Work. Journal of Progressive Human Services. Vol. 1 (1), pp. 3-11.

Haynes, K.S. & Mickelson, J.S. (2000). Affecting Change: Social Workers in The Political Arena. 4th ed Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Ch5 "The Practitioners Influence on Policy," pp. 74-87

Gutheil I.A.( 1992) "Considering the Physical Environment: An Essential Component of Practice," Social Work 37, 5 pp. 391-397.

Iatridis, D. (1994). Social Policy Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole, pp. 12-25. HN 28 I 26

Jansson Bruce, ( 1999) Becoming An Effective Policy Advocate: From Policy Practice to Social Justice, Ch .1. Why Engage in Policy Practice and Policy Advocacy, Pacific Grove, CA.: Brook/ Cole, pp 3-28

Jansson, Bruce ( 2000, 4th Ed ). The Reluctant Welfare State, Belmont. CA: Wadworth, Ch 1 Social Reform In a Society with Conflicting Tendencies, pp.1-12. Ch 2, " A Frameowrk of Understanding the Evolution of the Reluctant Welfare State, pp 13.-27.

Karger, Howard & Stoesz, David.(1994). American Social Welfare Policy: A Pluralist Approach, Chapter 1, "Social Policy and the American Welfare State,"N.Y.: Longman, pp. 3-38. HV 95 .K35

Moroney, Robert. (1986). Shared Responsibility. N.Y.: Aldine, Chapters 1 & 2.( NEED CHAPTER TITLES)

Popple, Philip & Leighninger, Leslie. (1999. 4th ed ) Social Work, Social Welfare & American Society, Boston: Allyn &Bacon, Ch 2, "Social Welfare: Basic Concepts," pp. 24-54

Smith, P ( 1987) "Social Workers and Uniforms" Social Work, Sept-Oct. 1987, pp. 449-450

Stoesz, D. (1998) Proactive Rhetoric. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 25(3): 29-45

Tussing, Dale. (1974). The Dual Welfare System. Society, 11(2), (Jan./Feb.), pp. 50-57.

B. Recommended Readings
Dahlke, O.; Mizrahi Madison, T. et al. (1981). (Dahlke Reader) A Foundation for Social Policy Analysis.Part I: Cultures and Ecological Organization (on reserve). HN 18 .F58 1980

Gil, David.(1990). Unraveling Social Policy: Theory, Analysis and Political Action Towards Social Equality, 4th edition, Rochester, V.T.:Schenkman, Ch. 2 "Toward A Theory of Social Policy," pp. 13-41, (pp.41-63, optional).

Gillespie, E. et al. (Eds.)(1995). Contract With America. New York: Times Books, pp. 115-124.
s
Midgley, James. (1992). "Introduction: American Social Policy and The Reagan Legacy," Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. XIX (1), March, pp. 3-12. In Stacks.

Mizrahi, T. & Beallor, G. (1996). "The Role of Government and the "Right" Agenda," 4th edition, NASW: Social Work Speaks.

II. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND:
Places the history of social welfare policy and the social work profession in their social, economic, political, cultural and ideological contexts. Describes social welfare policy origins and development, the rise of the social work profession, highlighting both the benevolent and the controlling character of the welfare state. Identifies key historical periods, the changing definitions of social problems over time and the shifts social welfare policy response to them. Introduces issues of class, race, gender, their effect on the development of social welfare policy, and the role of social movements in the promotion of social, economic and political justice.

A.Core Readings
Abramovitz, N (1996 2nd ed)) Regulating The Lives of Women: Social Welfare Policy: From Colonial Times to the Present., Boston: South End Press, 1996, Chapter 2-11.
.
Almeleh, Naomi et.al.(1993). "Women's Achievement of Empowerment Through Activism in the Workplace," Affilia 8(1)( Spring),pp. 26-39

Carlton, L. I. (1999) African American Social Work Pioneers’ Response To Need. Social Work 44(4): 311-321

DiNitto, Dianne. (1995). Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy, 5th edition, Boston, MA: Allyn-Bacon, Ch. 2

Gordon, Linda. (1998). Welfare & Public Relief . In W. Mankiller, G. Mink, M. Navarro, B. Smith, & G. Steinem, (Eds.) The Reader’s Companion to US Women’s History. Boston, MA.: Houghton Mifflin,pp. 626-629.

Jansson, Bruce J.(2000. 4th ed). The Reluctant Welfare State: A History of American Social Welfare Policies, 4th ed Belmont, Ca.: Wadsworth Publishers. Ch 3-11

Lens, V. (2000). The Superme Court, Federalism, And Social Policy:The New Judicial Activism. Social Service Review (June), pp. 318-336

Mizrahi, T. (1995). Health Care: Reform Initiatives.Encyclopedia of Social Work, 19th edition, Washington, DC: NASW ,, 1185-1198..

Murray, Charles. (1985). Losing Ground. New York: Basic Books, Chapters 11 & 14.

Oroloff, Ana Shola. (1998). Welfare State in W. Mankiller, G. Mink, M. Navarro, B. Smith & G. Steinem, (Eds.) The Reader’s Companion to US Women’s History. Boston, MA.: Houghton Mifflin,pp. 630-632.

Piven, F. & Cloward, R. (1993). Regulating the Poor. New York: Pantheon, pp. 3-41.

Popple, P. (1995) Social Work Profession: History, Encyclopedia of Social Work, 19th Edition.Washington: NASW, pp. 2282-2293

Popple, P.R. & Leighninger.L,(1999). Social Work, Social Welfare and American Society. 4th ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, Ch. 8, The Development of Antipoverty Programs,' pp. 238-270

Quadagno, Jill. (1994). The Color of Welfare. NY.: Oxford, Ch. 1, Unfinished Democracy, pp. 17-31.

Reisch, M. (1998). The Sociopolitical Context And Social Work Method 1890-1950. Social Service Review (June), pp. 161-180.

Reid, Nelson P. (1995). "Social Welfare History." NASW Encyclopedia of Social Work, 19th edition, pp. 2206-2226; see also appendix 2, "Distinctive Dates in Social Welfare
History, pp. 2631-2647

Skocpol, T.(1992). Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: Introduction, Cambridge: Belknap, pp1-64.

Trattner, Walter.(1994). From Poor Law to Welfare State: History of Social Welfare in America N.Y.: Free Press, 5th Edition, Entire Book,

Wilensky, H. & Lebeaux, C.N. (1966). Industrial Society and Social Welfare, Introduction and Chapter 6, N.Y.:Free Press, pp. v-Iii pp. 138-147.

B.Recommended Readings
Abel, Emily. (1994). Benevolence and Social Control: Advice from the Children's Bureau in the Early 20th century. Social Service Review. 68(1), March, pp. 1-19. In Stacks.

Abramovitz. Mimi.(1992). The Reagan Legacy: Undoing Class, Race, and Gender Accords, Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, XIX(1), March, pp. 91-110.

Anderson,L. Sundet, P & Harrington, ( 2000) : The Social Welfare System in the United States: A Social Worker”s to Public Benefits Programs Boston: Allyn & Bacon, Ch I, Where We Have Been: The Changing Face of Social Welfare. pp.1-8

Brieland, Donald. (1990). "The Hull-House Tradition and the Contemporary Social Worker: Was Jane Addams Really a Social Worker?" Social Work, 35(2), March, pp. 134-138.

Brown, Michael. (1999) Race in the American Welfare State; The Ambiguitites of "Universalistic" Social Policy Since the New Deal," in Adolph Reed, Jr, (ed) Without Justice For All., Boulder Co: Westview Press , pp.93-122.

Chambers, Clarke, A. (1986). "Women in the Creation of the Profession of Social Work," Social Service Review, 60 (1), March, pp. 1-33.

Ehrenreich, John.(1985). The Altruist Imagination: A History of Social Work and Social Policy in the United States, Ithaca: Cornell University Press

Fisher, Jacob. (1990). "The Rank and File Movement 1930-1936." (reprinted from Social Work Today, Feb.1936). Journal of Progressive Human Services., pp. 95-100.

Hamilton, Donna. (1987). "Organizational Adaptation: The National Urban League, During The Great Depression", Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 14(2), June.

Harrington, Michael.(1981). The Other America, NY: Penguin.

Haynes, Karen S. & Holmes, Karen A. (1994). Invitation to Social Work, Ch. 2, Early Social Welfare History and Ch. 3, Contemporary Social Welfare, pp. 31-71; 73-109.

Johnson, Louise C. & Schwartz, Charles L. (1997). Social Welfare: A Response to Need, (4th edition),Ch. 1, An Introduction to the Social Welfare System in the U.S. N.Y.: Allyn & Bacon, pp. 3-29.

Karger, Howard J.(1988). Social Workers and Labor Unions, New York: Greenwood Press, ch.1, pp. 3-30.

Kogut, A.B. (1970). "The Negro and the Charity Organization Society in the Progressive Era," Social Service Review, 44(1), March, pp. 11-21. In Stacks.

Kurzman, Paul A.(1970). "Poor Relief in Medieval England: The Forgotten Chapter in the History of Social Welfare," Child Welfare, 49(9),October, pp. 495-501. In Stacks.

Leighninger, Leslie.(1987). Social Work: Search For Identity, Westport, Ct.: Greenwood Press.

Lubove, Roy.(1965). The Professional Altruist: The Emergence of Social Work as a Career 1880-1930 Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Midgley, James; Karger, Howard; & Stoesz, David. (1992). (Eds.) "The Reagan Legacy and the American Welfare State," Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, XIX (1), March, (Whole Issue). .
Olds, Victoria. (1963). "The Freedman's Bureau: A 19th Century Federal Welfare Agency," Social Casework, XLIV (5), May, pp. 247-252.

Peebles-Wilkins, Wilma. (1989). "Black Women and American Social Welfare: The Life of Fredericka Douglass," Sprague Perry , Affilia, 4(3),Fall, pp. 33-44. I

Piven, Frances, Fox & Cloward, Richard. (1982). The New Class War: Reagan's Attack on the Welfare State and its Consequence, NY: Pantheon Books.

Platt, Tony & Susan Chandler. (1988). "Constant Struggle: E. Franklin Frazier and Black Social Work in the 1920's," Social Work, 33(4), July-August, pp. 293-298

Reid, P. Nelson (1995) Social Welfare History, Encyclopedia of Social Work, 19th Ed. pp. 2206-2225.

Rose, Nancy. (1990). "From WPA to Workfare: Its Time for a Truly Progressive Government Work Program," Journal of Progressive Human Services, 2(2), pp. 17-42.

Rothman, David.(1971). The Discovery of the Asylum: Social Order and Disorder in the New Republic Boston: Little Brown and Co..

Watkins, Sallie A. "The Mary Ellen Myth: Correcting Child Welfare History" Social Work, 35 (6), (November 1990), pp. 500-503. In Stack

Wenocur, S. & Reisch, M.(1989). From Charity to Enterprise: The Development of American Social Work in a Market Economy. Champaign, Ill: University of Illinois Press,

III. THEORETICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES
Compares and contrasts major social welfare policy thought that has influenced both the definition of social problems and social welfare policies selected to address them. Introduces criteria used to distinguish between these perspectives such as their competing views regarding human nature, the family, the market economy, the role of government intervention, and the process of social change among others. Encourages students to locate their own ideological voice and to identify that of others.

A.Core Readings
Abramovitz, Mimi.(1996 ,2nd ed). Regulating The Lives of Women:Social Welfare Policy From Colonial Times To The Present, Boston: South End Press, Ch. 1, A Feminist Perspective on the Welfare State," pp 13-40.

Anderson, Sunet & Harrington,( 2000) The Social Welfare System in the United States: A Social Worker’ssGuide to Public Benefits Programs Boston: Allyn & Bacon, Chap. 2 Where Are We Now: The Personal Responsibility Act of 1996 and Its Consequences. pp.9-16.

Belcher, J. & T. Cascio (2001). Social Work And Deliverance Practice: The Pentacostal Experience. Families in Society 82:1 (January-February), pp. 61-68.

Blau, Joel.(1984). "Theories of the Welfare State." Social Service Review, 63(1), March, pp. 26-38.

Butler, S. & Kondratas, Anna.(1987). Out of the Poverty Trap.N.Y.: The Free Press, Ch. 2, pp. 28-62.

Chapin, R.K. (1995). "Social Policy Development: The Strengths Perspective. Social Work, 40(4), July, pp. 506-514.

Cozic,Charles and Winters, Paul (1997) Welfare: Opposing Viewpoints: San Diego: CA. Westview, pres, pp.15-71.

P.L. Ewalt, E.M. Freeman, S.A. Kirk, and D.L. Poole (Eds.) ) (1997). Social Policy: Reform, Research and Practice, Ch.1, Social Work in an Era of Diminishing Federal Responsibility.Wash. DC NASW.

Fabricant, M. & Burghardt, S. (1992). "The Welfare State Crises. Ch. 2, Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe

Fautsky, J. (1996). "Contexts of Conservatism, Liberalism in Socialism." Society, 33(3), pp. 48-52.

Felty, Dennis & Jones, Marshall. (1998). "Human Services at Risk," Social Service Review, pp. 192-208.

Galper, Jeffry.(1978). "Social Welfare in a Capitalist Society," CATALYST, #1, pp. 6-24.

Gingrich,N. D. Armey, & The House Republicans. A Contract with America. (E. Gillespie & B. Schellhas Eds.New York: Times Books, 1994.

Gibson, Cynthia M. (1997). "Facing Off on Social Policy: Right and Left Find Middle Ground?"Social Service Review, June, pp. 171-200.

Gorey, K.M. and Cryns, A.G. (1999) The Bell Curve: race, Socioeconomic Status and Social work. Social Work 44(6): 586-589

Gough, Ian.(1983). Political Economy of Welfare State, London: MacMillan pp. 55-74.

Jansson, Bruce. (2000 4th ed ) The Reluctant Welfare State. Boston: Brooks Cole, Ch,2. A
Framework for Understanding The Evolution of the Reluctant Welfare State, pp. 13-27; Ch 8, Instituting The New Deal, pp. 193-227; Ch. 9. The Era of Federal Social Services : The New Frontier and The Great Society, pp. 228-273. Ch. 11. " The Conservative Counterrevolution in the Era of Reagan and Bush, pp306-347. , Ch 14, Policy Perspectives: Past,. Present Future, pp. 434-456.Belmont CA: Wadsworth

Judt Tony. (1997). The Social Question Redivivus. Foreign Affairs, 76(5), Sept./Oct., pp. 95-117.

Kautsky, J. (1996). "Contexts of Conservatism, Liberalism, and Socialism.Society, 33(3), Mar./April, pp.48-52.

Karger, H.J. & Stoesz, D. (1998). American Social Welfare Policy, 3rd edition, Chapter 1, pp. 2-34.

Kuttner, Robert. (1997). Everything for Sale. New York: Knopf, Chapters 3 or 4, 8 & 9.

Marable, M. (1998). "The Left." . Social Policy, 28(3), Spring, pp. 4-9.

Miller, S.M. (1995). Do We Need Theory? Social Policy, 26(2), Winter, pp. 51-53.

Mishra, Ramesh.(1987). Society and Social Policy: Theories and Practice of Welfare. London: MacMillan, Ch. 5, "The Marxist Perspective," pp. 68-96.

Mizrahi, Terry & G. Beallor (1996) The Role of Government and the Rights Agenda, HCSSW Update, Spring Also in Social Work Speaks 5th ed)

Mullaly, Robert.(1993). Structural Social Work: Ideology, Theory, and Practice. Ch. 3-6, pp. 49-114.

Piven, F.F. & Cloward, R.A. (1993). Regulating the Poor. (Updated version), Ch 11, Poor Relief and the Dramaturgy of Relief, , pp. 343-406. .

Popple, P.R. & Leighninger, L.H. (1999). Social Work, Social Welfare & American Society. 3rd edition, Boston: Allyn & Bacon, Ch.1, "Competing Perspectives on Social Welfare," pp. 1-23.

Skocpol, T. (1995). Social Policy in the United States: Future Posibilities in Historical Perspective. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Chapter 1 “State formation and social policy in the United States”, pp. 11-36.

Stoesz, David. & Karger, Howard. (1992). Reconstructing the American Welfare State. Rowman & Littlefield, Part 2. Conservative & Liberal Prescriptions, pp.43-99.

Tanner, Michael.(1994). Ending Welfare As We Knew It. Policy Analysis, 212(72), CATO Instistute 33 pgs.

Thayer, F (1995) The Comic Opera of Welfare Reform, Social Policy 24:3( Spring) pp33-46.

Valentich, Mary and Gripton, James. (1984). "Ideological Perspectives on the Sexual Assault of Women", Social Service Review 58 (3), September, pp. 448-461.

Wachtel, H. (1974). "Looking At Poverty From Radical, The Poverty Establishment, Conservative & Liberal Perspectives."P. Roby, (Ed.), N.Y.:Prentice Hall. ( PAGE NUMBERS??)

B. Recommended Readings
Atherton, Charles.(1990). "A Pragmatic Defense of the Welfare State Against the Ideological Challenge from the Right," Social Work, 35(1), Jan., pp. 41-45. In Stacks.

Austin, D. (1994). Debate with author: Altruism. Social Services Review, 68(3),September, pp 438-440.
.
Carlson, Allan. (1995). "The Family: Where Do We Go From Here," Society, 32(5), July/August.

Carville, J. (1996). We’re Right; They’re Wrong. N.Y.: Random House (peruse the whole book).

Collins,& Miller (2000) Tax Reform Follies, Dollars & Sense( Feb) ( in Current Economic Issues, (5th ed) pp. 30-34.

Dale, E. et.al., (Eds.) (1995). The People’s Budget. Washington, D.C.: Regenery Pr., pp. 37-66 and pp. 105-124.

Dreier, P. & Bernard, E. "Canada: A Kinder, Gentler Nation," Social Policy, 23(1), Summer 1992,pp. 6-19. I

Edelman, Peter. (1997). "The Worst Thing Bill Clinton has Done," Atlantic Monthly, March, pp. 43-58.

Epstein, Richard. (1993). Altruism: Universal and Selective. Social Service Review, 67(3), September, pp. 388-405.

Eitzen. E.S & M.B. Zinn (2000) , The Missing Safety Net and Families: A Progressive Critique of the New Welfare Legislation. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 27(1) 2000, 53-72.

Funiciello, T. (1990). The Poverty Industry: Do government and Charity Create the Poor? MS Mag.,Dec, pp. 33-40.

Gillespie, E. et.al. (Eds.) (1995). Contract With America. New York: Times Books, pp. 30-90 and pp. 115-124.

Guy, R. (1995). U.S. Welfare Policy in Historical Perspective, International Social Work, 38(3), July,pp. 299-309.

Iatridis, D. (1983). "Neo-Conservatism Reviewed," Social Work, 28(2),March/April, pp. 101-107

Iatridis, D. (1988). "New Social Deficit: Neo-Conservatism's Policy of Social Under Development, Social Work, 33(1), Jan./Feb., pp. 11-17.

Karger, Howard Jacob & Stoesz, David.(1993). "Retreat and Retrenchment: Progressive and the Welfare State," Social Work, 38(2),March, pp. 212-220.

Leighninger, L. (1997) Alternatives To Social Security. Journal Of Progressive Human Services 8(1): 67-77

Lens, V. & Pollack, D. (1999) Welfare Reform: Back To The Future. Administration In Social Work. 23(2): 61-77

Lurie, Irene & Sanger, Mary Bryna.(1991). "The Family Support Act: Defining the Social Contract in New York," Social Service Review, 65(1),March, pp. 43-67.

Mizrahi, T. & Beallor, G.(1996). The Role of Government and the ‘Right’ Agenda, Social Work Speaks,NASW (4th edition).

Moroney, R. (1991). Social Policy and Social Work. New York: Aldine, Chapter 1, pp. 1-18

Mullaly, Robert P., & Keating, Eric F. (1991). "Similarities, Differences, and Dialectics of Radical Social Work," Journal of Progressive Human Services, 2(2), pp. 49-78.

Pasgupta, Partha. (1993). Altruism and Allocation of Resources. Social Service Review. 67(3), September, pp. 374-387.

Richan. W.C (1988) Beyond Altruism: Social Welfare Policy In American Society, 1988 Ch. 1.

Ryan, W. (1973). Blaming The Victim, (Chapter 1 and Final Chapter) (peruse the whole book)

Saleebey, Dennis. (1993). "Theory and the Generation and Subversion of Knowledge," Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, XX (1), March, pp. 2-25.

Sands, Roberta, G. & Nuccio, Kathleen.(1992). "Postmodern Feminist Theory and Social Work," Social Work, 37 (6),November, pp. 489-494. I

Stoesz, David & Karger, Howard.(1990). "Welfare Reform: From Illusion to Reality," Social Work, 35 (2) March, pp. 141-147.

Turner, Roberta J.(1991). "Affirming Consciousness: The Africentric Perspective, in J.Everett, Chipungu, and B.Leashore (Eds) Child Welfare an Africentric Perspective New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, pp. 36-57.

Wilson, William Julius.(1987). The Truly Disadvantaged The Inner City, the Under Class, and Public Policy, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Wilson, W.J. (1991/92). Another look at The Truly Disadvantaged. Political Science Quarterly, 106(4), pp. 639-656.

Withorn, Ann. (1993). Women and Basic Income in the U.S.: Is One Man's Ceiling Another Women's floor? Journal of Progressive Human Services, 4(1), pp. 29-42.

Withorn, A. (1998) No Win…Facing The Perils Of Welfare Reform. Families In Society 79(3): 277-287

IV. THE SOCIAL SERVICE SYSTEM AND THE DELIVERY OF SERVICES
Identifies the organization, structure and operation of the social welfare system; describes major entitlement and services, including public, non-profit, and for-profit programs, and reviews the role of federal, state, and local governments in social welfare policy. Introduces key concepts for analyzing social welfare policy such as universal vs. selective, institutional vs. residual, mandatory vs. discretionary spending, deserving vs. undeserving poor, adequacy vs. equity, equality of opportunity vs. equality of result, oppression vs. social justice. Discusses who benefits and who loses from social welfare policy and the capacity of social welfare programs to meet the needs of diverse group and populations at risk.

A.Core Readings
Abramovitz, Mimi.(1991). "Social Policy in Disarray: The Beleaguered American Family," Families in Society, 72(8):483-495, October.

Abramovitz, M. (1991). Putting an end to doublespeak about race, gender, and poverty: An annotated glossary for social workers. Social Work, 36 (5): 380-384.

Abramovitz, M.( 2001) “Everyone Is Still On Welfare: The Role of Redistribution in Social Policy,” Social Work ( October) (forthcoming)

Abramovitz, Mimi ( 1998) The Perils of Privatization, MS Magazine Jan/Feb/ p.29

Abramovitz, Mimi (2001) In Jeopardy: The Impact of Welfare Reform on Human Service Agencies in New York City, NY: NASW

Albeda, Randy( 1996) The War on the Poor: A Defense Manual; Ch. 8 Alternatives NY: New Press, pp.119-129.

Anderson, Linds, Paul Sundet, & Irma Harrington ( 2000)The Social Welfare SystemIn the United States,. Chapters, 4-9 (on social security, SSI, Medicare, TANF (etc) pp. 24-153.,

Bartlet D. & Steele, J.(1994) America: Who Really Pay The Taxes, (6pg. Summary)

Citizens For Tax Justice( 1995) , The Hidden Entitlements, April, pp. 1-9.

Citizens For Tax Justice ( 1993) CTJ's Guide to Fair State and Local Tax Policy, pp. 1-12

Blau, J. (1992). The Invisible Poor: Homelessness in the US. New York: Oxford University Press, Ch 2 , Who Are The Homeless, pp 15-32, Ch3. The Economic Causes of Homelessness, pp33-47.

Breslow, M ( 1998, 16 ed) The Fake Budget Surplus. Real World Macro, p.71

Cassidy, Kevin J. & Bean, K.(1991). "Military Dollars and Public Sense," Social Policy Fall, pp. 45-55.

Coniff Ruth( 1997) Girding For Disaster: Local Officials and Private Charities Brace Themselves For Welfare Reform. The Progressive, March Pp22-24.

Congressional Budget Office (January 2001) The Economic and Budget Outlook: Fiscal Years 2001-2011, Ch 4, "The Spending Outlook,” pp.71-92, 146-147; The Revenue Outlook, pp. 51-66 pp.144-145

Cozic Charles, P. & P. A Winters (1997) Welfare: Opposing Viewpoints: Viewpoint #5: Engler, “Welfare Should BeTurned Over To the States;” Viewpoint #6: Moynihan, “Welfare Reform Should Not Be Turned Over ` to States,” pp. 178-185.

Danziger, S. and Weinberg, D. (1994). The Historical Record: Trends in Family Income, Inequality, and Poverty. In Confronting Poverty: Prescriptions for Change, Danziger, S., Sandefur, G., & Weinberg, D. (Eds). New York: Russell Sage Foundation (Chapter 2, pp. 18-50).

Day, Phyllis ( 1997, 2nd ed) A New History of Social Welfare. Ch 12 The Reactionary Vision. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, pp 372-408

Dinitto, Diane. (1995). Social Welfare. Politics & Public Policy. 4th edition, Prentice Hall, Chapters 1-6.

Ewalt, P.L. Ewalt, E.M. Freeman, S.A. Kirk, & D.L. Poole (Eds.)(1997)S ocial Policy: Reform, Research and Practice,, Ch 1, Social Work in an Era of Diminishing Federal Responsibility. Wash. D.C.: NASW

Frank, Ellen (2001) “Reaganomics Redux::What To Expect From a Bush Presidency, Dollars and Sense (July/August) p. 7

Feldstein, M. (1998). How to Save Social Security, The New York Times, July 27, op.ed.

Gordon, Linda.(1994). Pitied But Not Entitled: Single Mothers and the History of Welfare, Ch. 10, "Welfare and Citizenship," NY: The Free Press pp. 287-306.

Gordon, R ( 2001) Cruel & Unusual: How Welfare “Reform” Punishes Poor People, Applied Research Center, p. 1-2 ( www.arc.org)

Greenstein, R., et.al. (1999). How Big is the Federal Government - And Would the Administration’s Budget Make it Bigger? Center on Budget & Policy Priorities , (CBPP),February., pp. 1-14.

Hagen, J. (1999) Public Welfare & Human Services; New Directions Under TANF Families In Society 80(1): 78-90

Handler, Joe l(1972) Reforming The Poor: Welfare Policy, Federalism & Morality, NY: Basic Books, Ch .3 “Reform By Deterrence,” pp. 25-46

Hanratty, M. (1992). Why Canada has Less Poverty? Social Policy 23(1), 32-37.

Hershey, R. (1995). A Hard Look at Corporate Welfare, The New York Times, March 7, pp. D1,7.

Huff, Daniel & Johnson, David (1993). "Phantom Welfare: Public Relief for Corporate American," Social Work, 38 (3), pp. 311-316.

Karger Howard & Stoesz,David (1998). American Social Welfare Policy, (3rd ed), Ch 6 The Voluntary Sector Today, pp 158-175; Ch 7. Human Service Corporations, pp 176-199; Ch 10 Social Insurance Programs, pp. 247-264; Ch 11 Public Assistance Programs, pp 265-304. NY: Longman,

Karger, Howard & Midgely, Janes ( (1994) Controversial Issues in Social Policy,. Debate #8, Is Privatization A Positive Trend in the Social Services, Boston: Allyn & Bacon, pp. 107-118.

Kilty, K. M. And De Haymes, M.V. (2000) Racism, Nativism And Exclusion: Public Policy, Immigration And The Latino Experience In The United States. Journal Of Poverty 4(1/2): 1-25

Lewis, M A (1998) A Few Contributions of Economic Theory to Social Welfare Policy Analysis. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. 25 (4) Dec.pp. 145-156.

Maier, T. & Curran, T. (1993). Church Service. Newsday, May 17, pp. 6, 26-27.

Manning, Susan( 1997) The Social Workers as Moral Citizen; Ethics in Action, Social Work 42(3), pp. 223-230.

Mead, L. (1994). Poverty: How Little We Know, Social Service Review, 68(3), 322-351.

Mink, Gwendolyn ( 1998) Welfare's End. Ch. 5. The End of Welfare, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, pp 133-139.

Moynihan, Daniel Patrick ( 1995) The Devolution Revolution, NY Times. 8/8/ p. E15.

Office of Management and Budget, ( 2001) A Citizen’s Guide To the Federal Budget Fiscal Year 2001, Washington, D.C. pp 1-28.

Poppendeick, Janet ( 1992) Values, Commitement and Ethics of Socia Work in the US, Journal of Progressive Human Servcies,(#2), pp31-45.

Rank, M. & Hirschl, T. (1999). The likelihood of poverty across the American adult life- span, Social Work, 4(3): 201 –216.

Reno, Robert (1998). Social Security Trust Stood Firm. Newsday, Aug. 9, p. F7.

Stoesz, D.(1986). "Corporate Welfare:The Third Stage of Welfare in the U.S." Social Work, 31(4),pp. 245-250.

Williams, B. (1994). Reflections on Family Poverty, Families in Society, 75(1): 47-50.

Withorn, A (1999) Worrying About Welfare Reform: Community Based Agencies Respond. Sum. Boston pp.2-12

B. Recommended Readings
Abramovitz, Mimi.(1996, 2nd ed ). Regulating The Lives Of Women: Social Welfare Policy From Colonial Times to the Present, Boston:South End Press, Ch8: Old Age Insurance, pp. 142-267; Ch 9, Unemployment Insurance, Ch.273-305, Ch.10.Aid To Families With Dependent Chldren,pp313-343,

Abramovitz, Mimi. (1996). "The Privatization of the Welfare State: A Review", Social Work, 31(4) pp. 257-264. (see also, "The Bottom Line Is Society Loses", Privatizing Health Care, The Nation, (Oct. 17. 1987), pp. 410-412.

Adams, Charles, et.al.(1994). Organizational Impediments to Paternity Establishment and Child Support. Social Service Review, 68(1), March, pp. 109-126. In Stacks.

Blau, Joel.(1992). "A Paralysis of Social Policy?" Social Work 37 (6), November, pp. 558-562. s.

Chesney, James & Engel, Robol. (1982). "Racial Inequalities in the Delivery of Social Service," Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare IX (4), Dec., pp. 602-612. In Stacks.

Combs-Orme, Terri & Guyer, Bernard.(1992). "America's Health Care System: The Reagan Legacy," Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. XIX (1), March, pp. 63-90. In Stacks.

Dulaney, D. & Kelly, J.(1982). "Improving Servies to Gay and Lesbian Clients" Social Work, 27 (2), pp. 178-183.

Hagen, Jan . (1987). "Income Maintenance Workers:Technicians or Service Providers", Social Service Review 61 (2) , pp. 261-271.

Jencks, Christopher.(1994). The Homeless. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, Chapter 11

Kahn, Alfred J. & Kamerman, Sheila B.(1990). "Do the Public Social Services Have a Future," Families in Society, 71(3),March, pp. 165-171.

Keys, Paul R. (1983). "Racism and Practice Relationships," in T. Keefe and D. Maypole, Relationships in Social Service Practice, Monterey, Ca.: Brooks/Cole & Co., pp. 100-121.

Martin, George. (1990). Social Policy In the Welfare State , Ch. 5, "Income Security, pp. 43-54; 61-77.

Orfield, Gary.(1988). "Race and the Liberal Agenda: The Loss of the Integrationist Dream, 1965-1974." in Weir, M., Orloff, A.S., & Skocpol,T (eds.) The Politics of Social Policy in the U.S. Princeton, N.J.: University Press, pp. 313-356.

Parker, Michael D. (1991). "Social Service Vouchers: Issues for Social Work Practice," Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. XVIII (3), September, pp. 39-55.

Root, Lawrence S. (1993). "Employee Benefits: The Role of Social Insurance and Social Services," Ch. 6 in P.A. Kurzman & S.H. Akabas (Eds.) Work and Well-Being: The Occupational Social Work Advantage, Washington: NASW Press.

Rose, Nancy E. (1990). "From WPA to Workfare: It's Time for a Truly Progressive Government Work Program," Journal of Progressive Human Services, 1(2), pp. 17-42.

Salamon, Lester. (1992).The Marketization of Welfare: Changing Non-Profit and for Profit Roles in American Welfare System. Social Service Review, 67(1), March, pp. 16-39.

Social Security Programs in the United States. Social Security Bulletin, 54(9), (latest issue), pp. 2-78.

"Social Welfare Expenditures" Social Security Bulletin (latest version).

Stern, L.(1997). "Can We Save Social Security?" Modern Maturity, Jan./Feb., pp. 28-36.

Stoesz, David & Karger, Howard.(1993). Deconstructing Welfare: The Reagan Legacy and the Welfare State. Social Work. 38(5), September, pp. 619-628. In Stacks.

Stoesz, David.(1988). "Why Not Social Service Vouchers?" Social Casework, March.

Taira, Frances & Taira, Deborah. (1991). "Patient `Dumping' of Poor Families," Families in Society. 72 (7) September, pp. 409-415

V. POVERTY, OPPRESSION, AND SOCIAL JUSTICE
Explores questions of poverty, inequality and social justice. Identifies ways of measuring poverty; the impact of poverty on the lives of individuals, families, communities; the differential exposure of special populations to economic deprivation, discrimination, and institutionalized oppression; government efforts to address poverty and oppression and to promote social, economic and political justice. Reviews various theories on the causes of poverty and inequality in light of the ideological frameworks previously discussed and the needs of special populations.

A.Core Readings
Abramovitz, M ( 1998) Poverty in W. Mankiller, G. Mink, M. Navarro, B. Smith, & G. Steinem, (eds.) The Reader’s Companion to US Women’s History. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, pp. 464-468. .

Albelda, Randy & Tilly, Chris.(1997). Glass Ceilings and Bottomless Pits, Women, Income and Poverty in Massachusetts. Boston: South End Press Ch 1,Women, Income and Poverty, There's A Family Connection,.pp.1-19. , Ch 2. Who's Poor: Patterns of Poverty, pp.19.31.

Collins, ( C ( 19990. Shifiting Fortunes: The Perils of America's Growing Wealth Gap, Boston: United For A Fair Economy, Ch. 10, "The Racial Wealth Gap," pp.55-59.

Center on Budget and Policy Priorities( 1999) Rising Wages Fuel Poveorty Decline; Concerns Remain Admidst the Good News,s Washington D.C,.: CBPP, 5pgs.

Chow, B. (2001). Competing Spending Priorities: A comparison of the Senate and Republican budgets, Briefing paper, Economic Policy Inst. www.epinet.org (pp. 1-4).

Coulton, Claudia & Chow, Julian.(1995). "Poverty," 19th Encyclopedia of SW ,NASW Press, pp. 1867-1878

DiNitto,Diana (2000) Social Welfare Politics and Poverty,.Boston: Allyn & Bacon Ch 3, Defining Poverty: Where To Begin, pp.66-101.

Dujon, Diane & Withorn, A(1996). A. For Crying Out Loud Women’s Poverty in the US. Boston: South End

Edin, Katherine & Lein, Laura. (1997). Making Ends Meet: How Single Mothers Survive Welfare and Low Wage Work. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, Chapters 1, 2, 6 & 8.

Edelman, P. (1997). The Worst Thing Bill Clinton Has Done. Atlantic Monthly, pp. 43-58

Egendorf, Laura. (1999) Poverty: Opposing Views, San Diego CA: Greenwood Press, pp 63-110

Fallows,J ( 2000) "The Invisible Poor. The New York Times Magazine, March 19,

Jennings, James and L Kushnick (1999), Introduction: Poverty as Race, Power and Wealth in Kushnick and Jennings, (ed) "A New Introduction to Poverty: The Role of Race, Power and Politics.NY: NYU Press, pp. 1-9

Karger, H. & Stoesz, D. (1998). American Social Welfare Policy. New York: Addison, Chapter 5.

Lens, V. (1997/8). Welfare Mothers and Work. Jewish Social Welfare Forum, 33, pp. 15-22.

Levitan, Sar H. & Shapiro, Isaac.(1987). Working But Poor: America's Contradiction,
Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 3-45.

Loprest, P ( 1999) How Families That Left Welfare Are Doing," Washington .D.C. Urban Institute August.

Manning, Marable.(1992). White America’s Hidden Poor," in The Crisis of Color and Democracy. Common Courage Press, pp. 66-67.

McMillan, T. (2001). The Great Training Robbery. City Limits (May).

Moore, K. & S. Vandivere (2000). Stressful Family Lives: Child And Parent Well-Being. The Urban Institute, Series B, No. B-17 (June), pp. 1-5.

NYC Council( 1997) Hollow in the Middle. NY: City Council Executive Summary, pp,5-6

Nichols-Casebolt, A. (1994). "The Privatization of Women: A Global Phenomenon, Affilia 9(1), pp. 9-29.

Office of Management and Budget (2001). A Citizen’s Guide to the Federal Budget. http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/fy2002/guidegl.html (pp. 1-19).

Ozawa, Martha & Kim, R. (1998). The Declining Economic Fortunes of Children. Social Work Research,22(1), March, pp. 14-30.

Piven, Francis & Cloward, Richard.(1993. 2nd ed). Regulating The Poor. Ch.1,"Relief, Labor and Civil Disorder: An Overview" pp.3-41 Ch. 2, "Economic Collapse, Mass Unemployment and the Rise of Relief," pp. 40-77. N.Y.: Pantheon Books

Popple & Leigningher. (1999. 4th ed). Social Work, Social Welfare and American Society. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, Ch 6, Poverty: The Central Concept, pp. 187-200;Ch.7 The Nature and Causes of Poverty, pp. 203-211.

Rank, Mark & Hirschl, Thomas. (1999). "The Likelihood of Poverty Across the American Adult Life Span," Social Work, 4(4), pp. 201-216.

Rank.M. (1994)."”View of Welfare Fom The Inside Out." Journal of Sociology &Social Welfare. 21 (2), pp. 27-47.

Reed, A. Jr. (1992). "The Underclass as a Myth and Symbol: The Poverty of Discourse About Poverty. Radical America, 24(1), January.

Salomon, L. (1992). The Marketization of Welfare: Changing Non-Profit and For Profit Roles in the American Welfare System. Social Service Review, 67(1): 16-39.

Shapiro, I, R. Greenstein & W. Primus (2001). Pathmaking CBO Study Shows Dramatic Increases In Income Disparities In 1980s And 1990s. Center On Budget And Policy Priorities (May 31), pp. 1-11.
5 pgs.
Stern, L. W. & Gibelman, M. (1990). Voluntary Social Welfare Agencies: Trends, Issues and Prospects, Families In Society, 71(1) 13-23.

Takagi, Dana. & Reddy, M. (1998). "Racial Discrimination." In W. Mankiller, G. Mink, M. Navarro, B. Smith, & G. Steinem, (Eds.) The Reader’s Companion to US Women’s History. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, pp. 491-496.

Thayer, Frederick. (1997). The Holy War Against Surplus Americans. Social Policy, 28 (1),Fall,pp. 8-18.

The Editors. (1994). "Unemployment: Capitalism’s Achilles Heel," Monthly Review, Dec., pp.1-9.

Thurow, Lester. (1995). "How Much Inequality Can A Democracy Take?" NYT Magazine (11/19):78-79

U S Bureau of the Census (current year) Poverty in The United States, Washington.D,C GPO

Wachtel, Harold. (1974). "Looking at Poverty From Radical, Conservative and Liberal Perspectives," in P. Roby (ed) The Poverty Establishment N.Y.: Prentice Hall.

Widmer, Marcia. (1997). "Thoughts on Poverty and Inequality." Journal of Poverty, 1(2), pp. 95-100.

Wilkerson, Margaret & Gresham, J.H. (1989). "The Racialization of Poverty," The Nation (Special Issues on the Black Family) pp. 126-132.

Wolff, D ( 1996) Top Heavy. New York: The New Press, Ch.1-3, pp. 1-13.

B. Recommended Readings
Abramovitz, Mimi. (1992). "Poor Women In A Bind: Social Reproduction Without Social Supports," AFFILIA, 7 (2) (Summer), pp. 23-43.

Albelda, R. & Folkne, N. (1996). The Center for Popular Economics. The War on the Poor. N.Y.: The New Press.

Albelda, Randy.(1988). "Let Them Pay Taxes: The Growing Tax Burden on the Poor,"Dollars and Sense, #133 (Jan./Feb. ), pp. 5-23. (Special Issue).

Amott, Teresa. (1993). Caught In The Crisis: Women and the Economy Today. NY.: Monthly Review Press, Ch. 2, The Post-War Economy Slows Down, pp. 24-48.

Dramar. J (1998) Strategy for the Defense and Expansion of the Social Security System. Social Policy. Fall:. 8-18.

DiNitto, Diana. (1995). Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy. Ch. 11, Challenging Social Welfare, Racism and Sexism, pp. 345-393.

Gans, H. (1995). The War Against the Poor: The Underclass and Anti-Poverty Policy. Chapter 1 NY: Basic Books, pp. 461-465.

Eberstadt, N. (1996). Prosperous Paupers &Affluent Savages. Society, 33(2), pp. 17-25.

Franklin, Donna. (1997). Ensuring Inequality: The Structural Transformation of the African AmericanFamily. Ch. 8, Family composition and the "Underclass Debate," pp. 182-214.

Gordon, Fisher. (1998). "Setting American Standards of Poverty: A Look Back,"Focus, 19 (2), Spring, pp. 47-52.

Gutierrez, Luis. (1995). "The New Assault on Immigrants." Social Policy. Summer, pp. 56-63.

Hartman, C. (Ed.) (1997). Double Exposure: Poverty & Race in America., Part IV, "The Underclass." M.E. Sharpe.

Health Pac Bulletin, (1991). The Emerging Health Apartheid in the United States 21(2) (whole issue)
|
Hoff, Daniel.(1992). Upside-Down Welfare. Public Welfare, 50(1), Winter, pp. 36-41.

Jencks, C. (1992). Rethinking Social Policy: Race, Poverty and the Underclass. NY: Harper Collins.

Karger, H. & Stoesz, D. (1998). American Social Welfare Policy. New York: Addison, Chapter 5.

Levy, Paul. (1993). Covering Up Joblessness. Journal of Progressive Human Services. 4(2), pp. 3-24.

Manning, Marable. (1996/7). Diversity and Democracy: A Conversation on Race and Ethnic in American Life, Race and Reason, Institute For Research on African American Studies, pp. 10-19.

Marshall, Nancy L. & Marx, Fern. (1991). "The Affordability of Child Care for the Working Poor," Families in Society. 72 (4), April, pp. 202-211.

Mead, L.(1994). "Poverty: How Little We Know," Social Service Review, 68(3), September, pp. 322-351.

Meyer, J ( 1999) Assessing Welfare Reform: Work Pays. The Public Interest 136( Summer) pp 113-120.

Mills, F.B ( 1997) ) in P.L. Ewalt, E.M. Freeman, S.A. Kirk, and D.L. Poole (Eds.). Social Policy: Reform, Research and Practice, "The Ideology of Welfare Reform: Deconstructing Stigma. Washington, DC: NASW pgs.336-341.

Morreim, E. (1995). "Lifestyles of the Risky and Infamous." Hastings Center Report, 25(6), pp. 5-12 November/December.

Race, Bias & Power in Child Welfare (1998). Child Welfare Watch. Spring/Summer, pp. 1-13.

Reed, A. Jr. (1992). "The Underclass as a Myth and Symbol: The Poverty of Discourse About Poverty.Radical America, 24(1), January.

Rein, M. (1995). Comments on "Poverty: How Little We Know," Social Service Review, 69(2), June: 358-359.

Reissman, Catherine K. (1984). "The Use of Health Services By The Poor: Are There Any Promising Models." Social Policy 14 (4), Spring , pp. 30-41.

Sidel, R.(1986). Women & Children Last: Women &Poverty in Affluent America. N.Y.: Viking Penguin, Ch. 1-8.

Simon, Barbara L. (1992). "U.S. Immigration Policies, 1798-1992: Invaluable Texts for Emploring Continuity and Change in Racism and Xenophobia," Journal of Multicultural Social Work. 2 (2): 53-64.

Seipel. M.M O ( 2000) Tax Reform for Low-Wage Workers. Social Work 45(1):65-72.

Spitz. G(1998) Social Security Doesn't Need Saving. Social Policy Fall pp. 19-28.

Stoez D& D. Saunders.(1998) Welfare Windfall (reducing Poverty with Block Grants). Social Policy. Fall

The Emerging Health Apartheid In the United States.(1991).Health Pac Bulletin, 21(2) (Whole Issue) Summer. Health Professions Library.

Williams, Betty. (1994). Reflections on Family Poverty. Families In Society, 75(1), January, pp. 47-50.

VI. DIVERSITY, POPULATIONS AT RISK AND SPECIAL ISSUES
Focuses on the role of social welfare policy in addressing the needs and experiences of diverse groups in the population, the capacity of social policy and social services to create and/or to ameliorate the impact of discrimination powerlessness, marginalization, inequality, and other manifestations of institutionalized oppression. Special attention is paid to the ways in which the "isms" especially, racism, sexism, classism, heterosexism shape the needs of special populations, the structure, and the impact of social services, the work of social workers, and the quality of life of social welfare clients.

A. Core Readings:
Amott, Teresa. (1993). Caught In the Crisis: Women and the U.S. Economy Today. Ch. 5, From PoorTo Rich, From Women to Men: Restructuring The State, Monthly Review Press, pp. 113-141.

Abramovitz, M( 2000, 2nd ed) Under Attack, Fighting Back: Women and Welfare in the US. NY: Monthly Review Press, Ch.1, Still Under Attack: Women and Welfare Reform, pp,. 13-50.

Abramovitz, M.(1996). Regulating The Lives of Women: Social Welfare Policy From Colonial Times To The Present. (2nd rev ed ), Boston: South End Press, Ch.8,9,10.

Abramovitz, M. (1992). "Poor Women In a Bind: Social Reproduction Without Supports," AFFILIA: A Journal of Women and Social Work, 7(2), pp. 23-43..

Abramovitz, M ( 2001) Race, Class and Welfare Reform, Currents ( April) pp.5,10.17

Berck, Juditian.(1992). No Place To Be: Voices of Homeless Children. Public Welfare, 50(2), Spring, pp. 28-33.

Best, J. (1997). Victimization and the Victim Industry. Society, 33(4), May/June, pp. 9-17.

Bonacich, Edna. (1992). Inequality in America: The Failure of the American System for People of Color, in M. Anderson & P. Collins, (eds.) Race, Class & Gender: An Anthology, pp. 96-110.

Burghardt, Steve & Fabricant, Michael.(1987). Working Under the Safety Net Newbury Park. CA: Sage.

Brzuzy, S., Stromwall, L. Sharp, P. & Wilson, R. (2000) The Vulnerability Of American Indian Women In The New Welfare State. AFFILIA 15(2): 193-203

Chand,, A. (2000) The Over-Representation Of Black Children In The Child Protection System: Possible Causes, Consequences And Solutions Child And Family Social Work 5(1): 67-77

Cole, David. (1994). "Five Myths About Immigration," The Nation (10/17)pp. 410-415.

Cose, Ellis. (1995). "The Myth of Meritocracy," Newsweek (4/3) pp. 34.

DeFilippis, J ( 2001) Poor Understanding( welfare as a Queer Issue), City Limits,(Feb) p, 25

DiNitto, Diana. (1995, 5th ed.). Social Welfare, Politics and Public Policy Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, , Ch.11. "Challenging Social Welfare: "Racism and Sexism," Pp. 343-393.

Drachman, D. (1995) Immigration Statuses & Their Influences on Service Provision, Access, & Use, Social Work, 40(2): 188-197.

Elshtain, Jean (1991). The Victim Syndrome. Society, 28(4),May/June, pp. 31-38.

Feldstein, karen, ( 1998) Social Security's Gender Gap, New York Times, April. 13

Gates, Henry Louis. (1996). War of Words. In Gates, et.al., (Eds.) Speaking of Race, Speaking of Sex.NY: NYU Press, pp. 17-58.

Gould, K. H. (1991). Limiting Damage is not Enough: A Minority Perspective on Child Welfare. In E.J. Chipungu & B. Leashore, (Eds.), Child Welfare: An Africentric Perspective (pp. 58-78). New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.

Hacker, Andrew. (1995). "The Crackdown on African Americans," The Nation, (7/10) pp. 45-46; 48-49.

Hacker, Andrew. (1992).Two Nations: Black & White, Separate, Hostile Unequal, Ch 1-4, NY: Scribners, pp. 3-64.

Klein, Joe. (1995). "The End of Affirmative Action," Newsweek, (Feb. 13):36-37.

Karger Howard & David Stoesz.( 1998,m 3rd ed) American Social Welfare Policy: A Pluralist NY: Longman, , Ch. 4."Discrimination and Social Stigma in American Society, pp 78-121.

Loury, G.C ( 2000) Twenty-Five Years of Black America: Two Steps Forward and One Step Back? Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. 27(1), pp. 19-52

McIntosh, Peggy.(1989).White Privilege:Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack, Peace &Freedom, July/August: 10-12.

Pharr, S. (1992). Homophobia as a Weapon of Sexism, in P. Rothenberg, (Ed.), Race, Class and Gender in the United States, An Integrated Study, pp. 413-440.

Quadagno, Jill. (1994). The Color of Welfare: How Racism Undermined the War on Poverty, NY: Oxford University Press, Ch. 4, "Abandoning The American Dream," , pp. 89-115.

Race, Bias,& Power in Child Welfare, (1998) Child Welfare Watch (Spr/Sum) pp. 1-13.

Rose , S.J. & S.M. Keigher( 1997) 39 Managing Mental Health: Whose Responsibility. In Ewalt P.L. Ewalt, E.M. Freeman, S.A. Kirk, and D.L. Poole( Eds.). Social Policy: Reform, Research and Practice,Washington, D.C NASW

Rollock R & E. Gordon.(2000) Racism & Mental Health Into the 21st Century. Amerrican J of Orthopsychiatry, 70(1): 5-13.

Sidel, Ruth ( 1996) Keeping Women and Children Last: America's War on the Poor. Penguin Books

Staveteig, S & A. Wigton (2000). Racial And Ethnic Disparities: KeyFindings From The National Survey Of America's Families. New Federalism (February) pp. 1-5.

Takagi, Dana (1998) " Racial Discrimination" and "M Reddy( 1998) in W. Mankiller, G. Mink, M. Navarro, B. Smith, & G. Steinem, (Eds.) The Reader’s Companion to US Women’s History. Boston, MA.: Houghton Mifflin, pp. 491- 496.

Wilkerson, Margaret & Jewel Handy Greshman( 1989) ' The Racializztion of Poverty, The Nation. (Special issue on the Black Family), pp 126-132.

Wilkins, Roy. (1995) "Racism Has Its Privileges:The Case For Affirmative Act" The Nation, (3/27), pp. 404-416.

Wilson, W.J. (1987). The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, the Underclass, and Public Policy. Chicago: University of Chicago. Chapter 5 “Race-specific policies and the truly disadvantaged” pp.109-125.

B. Recommended Readings
Abramovitz, Mimi.(1992). "The Reagan Legacy: Undoing Class, Race, and Gender Accords," Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. XIX (1), March , p. 91.

Act-Up (1990). N.Y, Women & AIDS Handbook Group, Women, AIDS, and Activism, Boston: South End Press.

Asamoah, Yvonne; Garcia, Alejandro; Hendrick, Carmen Ortiz; & Walker, Joel. (1991). "What We Call Ourselves: Implications for Resources, Policy, and Practice," Journal of Multicultural Social Work. pp. 7-22. I

Asian American Women: Not For Sale (1984) in M. Anderson & P.H. Collins. (Ed.) Race, Class & Gender: An Anthology. Belmont, CA.: Wadsworth, pp. 163-171.

Briar, Katherine H. ( 1988) Social Work and the Unemployed. Silver Spring: MD; NASW

Burnham, L (1985). "Has Poverty Been Feminized in Black America?," The Black Scholar. Mar./Apr. pp. 14-24.

Darty, T. & Potter, S. (1984). "Lesbians and Contemporary Health Care Systems."in Darty and Potter (Eds.), Women-Identified Women, Palo Alto, CA. Mayfield, pp. 195-211

Edgley, C. & Brissett. (1995). D. A Nation of Meddlers. Society, 32(4), May/June, pp. 36-46.

Franklin, Donna L.(1992). "Feminization of Poverty and African-American Families: Illusions and Realities," Afflia 7(2), Summer, pp. 142-155.

French, Laurence. (1987). "Victimization of the Mentally Ill: An Unintended Causequence of Deinstitutionalization", Social Work, 32 (6), November - December.

Gibelman, Margaret & Schervish, P.(1993). The Glass Ceiling in Social Work: Is It Shatterproof? Affilia, 8(4), Winter, pp. 442-455.

Hagen, Jan & Davis, Lianne. (1992). "Working With Women: Building A Policy and Practice Agenda." Social Work, 37(6), November, pp. 495-504

Hartman, C. (Ed.) (1997). Double Exposure: Poverty and Race in America. Part I, "Is Racism Permanent?,Part II, "Racial/Ethnic Categories," and Part VII: Democracy/Equality.

Hidalgo, H. (1984). "The Puerto-Rican Lesbian in the United States," in Darty, T. & Potter, S. (Eds.) Women-Identified Women, Palo-Alto, CA.:, pp. 105-117.

hooks, bell.(1981). Ain't I A Woman: Black Women and Feminism, Boston: South End Press, Ch. 2, pp. 41-86.

Kallick, David. (1993). Gender Politics. Social Policy, 23(3), Summer, pp. 2-7 .

Kotelchuck, R. (1992). Medicaid Managed Care: A Mixed Review." Health PAC Bulletin, 22(3), Fall, pp. 4-11.

Levine, M. & Leonard R. (1984)."Discrimination Against Lesbians In The Work Force", Signs, 9 (4), pp. 700-10.

Lindhorst, T. (1988). "Women and AIDS: Scapegoat or a Social Problem," Affila-Journal of Women and Social Work 3 (4), Winter, pp. 51-59.

McAdoo, Harriette Pipes. (1988). (Ed.) Black Families, Second Edition, Newbury Park. CA.: Sage Publications,

McNeely, R.L.; Blakemore, Jerome, L.& Washington, Robert O. (1993). "Race, Gender, Occupational Status, & Income in County Human Service Employment," Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare. XX (1),March, pp. 47-70.

Miller, Dorothy C. (1989). "Poor Women and Work Programs: Back to the Future,"Affilia, 4(1), Spring, pp. 9-22.

Miller, Jaclyn & Carlton, Thomas, O. (1988). "Children and AIDS: A Need to Rethink Child Welfare Practice," Social Work 33 (6), Nov./Dec., pp. 553-555. In Stacks.

Miller, S.M. (1997). Many Americas. Social Policy, 28(1), Fall, pp. 19-28.

Mizrahi, T.(1990). "Biting The Hand That Feeds Them: Reframing The Welfare Rights Movement," (A Review Essay), Health PAC Bulletin, 20(4), Winter , pp. 26-30. H

Mizrahi, T. (1995). The History of Health Care Reform and The Role of Social Work. Encyclopedia of Social Work, 19th Edition, NASW.

Morales, Julio. (1986). Puerto Rican Poverty and Migration, New York: Praeger. JV

National Urban League, The State of Black America, N.Y.: National Urban League, (current edition).

Paul, Eileen. (1993). The Women's Movement and the Movement of Women. Social Policy, 23(3), Sum,:. 44-50.

Pearce, Diana. (1993, 3rd ed). Feminization of Poverty: Update in A.M. Jaggar & P.S. Rothenberg, (Eds.) Feminist Frameworks, pp. 291-296.

Perloff, J.D. (1997). Medicaid Managed Care and Urban Poor People. Chapter 25 In Ewalt, et.al., (Eds.) Social Policy: Reform, Research and Practice. Washington, D.C: NASW.

Pilliayia, Irving. (1993). The Duration of Homeless Careers: An Exploratory Study. Social Service Review, 67(4), December, pp. 576-598.

Pharr, Susan.(1992). Homophobia as a Weapon of Sexism in P. Rothenberg, (Ed.) Race, Class & Gender in The United States, An Integrated Study, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, pp. 413-40.

Pope, Jackie. (1990). "Women in The Welfare Rights Struggle: The Brooklyn Welfare Action Council," in Guida West and Rhoda Blumberg, (Eds). Women and Social Protest N.Y.: Oxford Univ. Press, pp. 57-70.

Reed, A., Jr. & Bond, J.(1991). (Eds.) "The Assault on Equality: Race, Rights and The New Orthodoxy," The Nation, (whole issue) December

Scannapieco, M. & Jackson, S.(1996). Kinship Care: The African-American Response to Family Preservation, Social Work, March, pp. 190-196.

Schecter, Susan.(1981). Women and Male Violence Boston: South End Press. HV 6626 .S34

Todd, Alexander Dundas. (1984). "Women and The Disabled in Contemporary Society."Social Policy, 14 (4), Spring , pp. 44-47. .

Valentich, Mary and Gripton, James. (1984). "Ideological Perspectives on the Sexual Assault of Women", Social Service Review 58 (3), September, pp. 448-461.

Wate, Jay. (1993). Institutional Racism: An Analysis of the Mental Health System. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 63(4), October, pp. 536-544.

Wilhelmus, M. (1998). Mediation in Kinship Care. Social Work, 43(2), pp. 117-127.

Winant, Howard. (1990). "Post-Modern Racial Politics: Difference and Inequality," Socialist Review, Vol. 90 (1), Jan./Feb., pp. 121-147.

VII. USING RESEARCH IN SOCIAL POLICY
Identifies the role of research in social welfare policy. The location of data sources, the means for accessing government statistics, and the importance of data and research findings in the assessment of social problems and social policies.

A. Core Readings
Best, J. (2001). Promoting Bad Statistics. Society 38:3 (March/April), pp..10-15.

Boneparth, Ellen.(1984). Women Power and Policy,, N.Y.: Pergamon Press Ch 1, "A Framework For Policy Analysis," pp. 1-14.

Copeland, V. & Wexler, A. (1995). Social Policy Implementation in Social Welfare: A Framework for Analysis, Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 22(3): 51-68.

Coulton, C. (1997). "Poverty, Work & Community: A Research Agenda for an Era of Diminished Responsibility." Chapter 10, In Ewalt, et.al., (Eds.) Social Policy: Reform, Research and Practice. Washington, D.C: NASW.

Dahlke, D.; Mizrahi, Terry Madison, (1978, 1980). et. al. A Foundation for Social Policy Analysis, Part I: Culturescape and Ecological Organization. (Xerox Individualized Publishing)

DeParle, J. (1998). Shrinking Welfare Rolls Leave Record High Share of Minorities, New York Times,July 27.

Dietz Domanski, M. (1998). Prototypes of Social Work Political Participation:An Empirical Model. Social Work, 43(2).

Dolgoff, Ralph( 1997 4th ed) Understanding Social Welfare. "The Economic Sphere, [ 121-127.

Douglas, Amy. (1987). "Can Policy Analysis Be Ethical," in Frank Fischer and John Forester (Eds.), Confronting Values in Policy Analysis, pp. 45-67.

Gil, David. (1981.3rd ed). Unraveling Social Policy,, Cambridge: Schenkman Publishing Co.

Ginsberg, L. (1994). Understanding Social Problems, Policies and Programs. Columbia, S.C.:U.S.C. Press, Chapter 8.

Grasso, Anthony J. & Epstein, Irwin, (Eds.) (1992). Research Utilization in the Social Services. Binghamton, N.Y.: Haworth Press,) Ch. 3 "Strategies for the Analysis of Databases in Social Service Settings."

Grinnell, Richard. (1993 4ed). Social Research and Evaluation, Itasca: Peacock, Chapter 1.

Hodge, D. (2001). Spiritual Assessment: A Review Of Major Qualitative Methods And A New Framework For Assessing Spirituality. Social Work 46:3 (July), pp. 203-214.

Is The Economy Really Going Gang Busters? ( 1999) Real World Macro, ( 16th ed), p .14

Jansson, Bruce ( 2000)The Reluctant Welfare State, "Social Welfare in the Context of Globalization, CA: Brooks Cole, pp 445-448

Majorazaki, Ann.(1984). The Nature of Policy Research in Methods for Policy Research, Beverley Hills: Sage Publications, Ch. 1, pp. 11-22.

Mccullough, C. And Schmitt, B. (2000) Managed Care And Privatization: Results Of A National Survey. Child And Youth Services Review. 22(2): 117-130

NASW, NYC Chapter.( 2000) How Healthy is Managed Care. A Report Based on Health Consumer and Provider Stories in New York City. Feb.1999 and NASW Warning: Managed Care May Be Hazardous for Your Health (second report) Fall

Pelton, L. (2000). Misainforming Public Policy: The Illiberal Uses Of Social Science. Society 37:5 :pp. 61-69

Popple, Philip & Leighninger, Leslie. (1997). The Policy-Based Profession. Boston: Allyn&Bacon, Ch. 3." Social Welfare Policy Analysis, pp.41-64

Safyer, A., et.al. (1998). Methodological Issues When Developing Prevention Programs. In M. Potocky & A. Rodger-Farmer, (Eds.) Social Work Research with Minority and Oppressed Populations Binghamton, NY: Haworth

The Economic Report of the President for 1998,( 2000) Macroeconomics 00/01 Dushkin/McGraw Hill, pp44-47.

B. Recommended Readings
Berger, C., Mizrahi, T. & et.al.. The Changing Health Care Scene: A Report of a National Study of Social Work Hospital Administrators. Chapter 34, In Ewalt, (Eds.) Social Policy: Reform, Research and Practice. Washington, D.C : NASW.

Caputo, Richard.(1993). Family Poverty, Unemployment Rates, and AFDC Payments: Trends Among Blacks and Whites. Families in Society, 74(9), November, pp. 515-526.

Caputo, Richard K. (1990). "Patterns of Work and Poverty: Exploratory Profiles of Working-Poor Households," Families in Society. 72 (8), October, pp. 451-460 .

Choi, Namkee G. (1991). "Does Social Security Redistribute Income?: A Tax-Transfer Analysis," Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. XVIII (3), September, pp. 21-38.

Copeland, V. & Wexler, S.(1995). Policy Implementation in Social Welfare: A Framework for Analysis, Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 22(3), pp. 51-68.

Eggers, M. & Massey, D. (1991). Structural Determinants of Urban Poverty: A Comparison of Whites, Blacks and Hispanics. Social Work Research Abstracts, 20(3), September, pp. 217-255.

Goffman, Irving. (1978, 1980). "Places" from Asylums in Dahlke, et.al. A Foundation For Social Policy Analysis (Xerox Individualized Publishing), pp. 44-50. HN 18 .F58 1980

Henley, J.R. & Danziger, S.K. (1997). "Confronting Welfare Stereotypes: Characteristics of General Assistance Recipients and Post Assistance Employment. Chapter 12, In Ewalt, et.al., (Eds) Social Policy: Reform, Research and Practice Washington,DC: NASW.

Lambert, Susan.(1993). Workplace Policies as Social Policy. Social Service Review, 67(2), June, pp. 237-260.

NASW, NYC Chapter. (1993). Views From the Front Line: The Impact of Health Policy on the Lives of New Yorkers. New York City.

Perkins, Douglas, D. & Wandersman, Abraham. (1990). "You'll Have to Work to Overcome Our Suspicions: The Benefits and Pitfalls of Research with Community Organizations," Social Policy, 21 (1) Summer, pp. 32-41.

Plotnick, Robert.(1993). The Effect of Social Policy on Teenage Pregnancy and Child Bearing. Families In Society, 74(6), June, pp. 324-328.

Reamer, Frederic. (1992). Social Work and the Public Good: Calling or Career? in P.N. Reid & P. Popple, (Eds.) The Moral Purposes of Social Work, pp. 11-33.

Reinharz, Shulamit.(1992). Feminist Methods in Social Research, Ch. 13, Conclusion, pp. 240-269.

Wong, Yin-Ling Irene. (1993). Single-Mother Famileis in Eight Countries: Economic Status and Social Policy, Social Service Review, 67(2), June, pp. 177-197. In Stacks.

VIII. NEEDS, RIGHTS, VALUES AND ETHICS
Discusses social work values such as individual dignity, self- determination, self-determination, respect for difference, adequacy of social provision and responsiveness of social programs and the ways in which social welfare policies and programs can support or violate these professional mandates.

A. Core Readings
Elliott, C. (1992)."Where Ethics Comes from and What to do About It." Hastings Center Report,22 (4), pp. 28-35.

Leiby, James. (1985). "Moral Foundations of Social Welfare," Social Work, 30 (9), July-August, pp. 323-330.

Levy, C. (1993). Social Work Ethics On The Line. Binghamton: Haworth. HV 41 .L444

Lewis, Harold.(1972). "Morality and the Politics of Practice," Social Casework 53(7), July, pp. 402-417.

Lewis, Harold. (1985). "The Whistle Blower and the Whistle-Blowing Profession," Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 2 (1), Spring, pp. 3-11.

Manning, S. (1997). The Social Worker as a Moral Citizen: Ethics in Action. Social Work, 42(3), May: 223-230.

Mizrahi, T. (1992). "The Right To Treatment & The Treatment of Mentally Ill People," Health &Social Work, 17(1), pp. 7-11.

Morris, D. (2000). How To Speak Postmodern. Hastings Center Report( November-December), pp. 7-16.

NASW, (1996). Code of Ethics, Washington, D.C.

Patterson, O. (2001) The Amer View Of Freedom: What We Say, What We Mean. Society 38:4 (M/J) 37-45.

Reimer, F. (2000).The Social Work Ethics Audit: A Risk Management Strategy. Social Work 45:4 pp. 37-45.

Reamer, F.G. (1998) The Evolution Of Social Work Ethics. Social Work 43(6): 488-500

Rothman, J. (1989).Client Self-Determination: Untangling Knot, Social Service Review, 63(4) Dec/ pp. 598-612.

Schwartz, Wm (1969). "PrivateTroubles & Public Issues," Social Welfare Forum. NY: Columbia U pp 22-43.

Specht, H. & Courtney, M. (1994).Unfaithful Angels: HowSW Has Abandoned its Mission.NY:Free Press.

Withorn, A. (1998). No Win. Facing the Ethical Dilemmas of Welfare Reform. Families in Society, 79(3),May/June, pp. 277-287.

B. Recommended Readings
Davidson, J.R. & Davidson, T. (1997). Confidentiality and Managed Care: Ethical and Legal Concerns. Chapter 36, In Ewalt, et.al., (eds.) Social Policy: Reform, Research and Practice. Washington, DC: NASW.

Douglas, A. (1987). "Can Policy Analysis Be Ethical?," in F. Fisher & I. Forester (Eds.) Confronting Values in Policy Analysis, pp. 45-67.

Green, Ronald K. & Pawlak, Edward J. (1983). "Ethics and Manipulation in Organization", 57 (1) Social Service Review, March, pp. 35-43

Greenstein, Robert. (1992). Cutting Benefits vs. Changing Behavror. Public Welfare, 50(2), Spring,pp. 22-23.

Macorov, David. (1993). Self-Reliance vs. Entitlement Programs, or, Where Should We Place the Deck Chairs on the Titanic? International Social Work, 36(2), April, pp. 131-142.

Poppendieck, Janet E.(1992) "Values, Commitments, and Ethics of Social Work in the United States," Journal of Progressive Human Services. 3(2), pp. 31-45

Reid, N. & Popple, P.R. (1992). The Moral Purposes of Social Work. Chicago: Nelson Hall.

Reamer, Frederick G. (1983). "The Concept of Paternalism in Social Work", Social Service Review, 57 (2) June, pp. 254-271.

Thayer, F. (1995). "The Comic Opera of Welfare Reform," Social Policy, 25(3), Spring, pp. 33-46.

IX. POLICY MEETS PRACTICE: IMPLEMENTATION, THE POLITICAL PROCESS & SOCIAL CHANGE
Identifies the legislature, the courts, the professions, and the social agency as arenas of policy implementation and policy change. Examines the role of social workers, social service clients, grassroots organizations, large social movements in seeking social change to confront the oppression, to promote social, economic and political justice; and to develop alternatives visions for the wider social order.

A. Core Readings
Abramovitz, M. (1998). Social Work & Social Reform: An Arena of Struggle, Social Work. ( Nov),pp. 512-526.

Abramovitz, M( 2000, 2nd ed) Under Attack, Fighting Back: Women and Welfare in the US. NY: Monthly Review Press, Ch. 4, "Fighting Back. From the Legislature to the Academy to the Streets, pp 113-152.

Amidei, N. (1987). "How to be an Advocate in Bad Times," in F. Cox et al. (Eds.) Strategies of Community Organization, Itascha: F.E.: Peacock Publishers Inc., pp. 106-114.

Anderson, Linda, Paul Pundet & Iram Harrington, (2000) . The Social Welfare System in the United States: A Social Worker'sGuide to Public Benefits Programs Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 2000Chap. 3: Social Welfare Policy.Regulations, Administration and Due Process of Law
|
Carlton-Laney, Iris (1999). African American Social Work Pioneers’ Response to Need. Social Wk,(July):.311-321.

Center For An Urban Future. (1998). Jobs, Economy-Sized. City Limits, 23(3), April, pp. 28-29.

DiNitto, Diane. (1997). The Future of Social Welfare Policy. In P. Raffoul & C. McNeece, (Eds.) Issues in Social Work Practice. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Dolgoff, R. (1981). "Clinicians as Social Policy-Makers," Social Casework, 62, May,pp. 284-292.

Domanski, Margaret Dietz. (1998). Prototypes of Social Work Political Participation: An Empirical Model, Social Work, 43(2), march, pp. 156-167

Fabricant, Michael & Burghardt, Steve.(1992). The Welfare State Crisis and The Transformation of Social Service Work, Armonk, N.Y.: Sharpe, Chapters 3,4 &5

Figueira-McDonough, J. (1993). Policy Practice: The Neglected Side of Social Work Intervention, Social Work, 38(2): 179-188

Fisher, R. (1987. 4th ed). Community Organizing in Historical Perspective, in F. Cox, et al., (Eds.) Strategies of Community Organization, . 387-398.

Freire, P. (1990). "A Critical Understanding of Social Work," Journal of Progressive Human Services 1(1): 3-10.

Gilbert, Neil (1998). Remodeling Social Welfare. Society, 35(5), July/Aug., pp. 8-13

Haynes, M. K. & Mickelson, J. (2000). Affecting Change, Ch. 12, All Social Work Political. N.Y.: Longman, pp. 189-198. (rest of book is useful too)

Hoff, Marie D. & Polack, Robert J.(1993). "Social Dimensions of the Environmental Crisis: Challenges for Social Work," Social Work. 38(2), March, pp. 204-211.

Jansson, Bruce. (2000. 4th ed). The Reluctant Welfare State. Belmont, CA.: Wadsworth. Boston: Brooks Cole, Chs. 14. Policy Perspectives: Past, Present and Future, pp 434-456/.

Lefkowitz, Rochelle & Withorn, Ann.(1996). For Crying Out Loud: Women and Poverty in the United States New York: Pilgrim Press, Part Four: "And I Still RiseL Visions of Change," pp. 309-378l

Messinger, R. (1982). "Empowerment: A Social Workers Politics," in Mahaffey, M. & Hanks, J.(Eds.), Practical Politics, Silver Spring. MD: NASW, pp. 212-223.

Miller, S.M. (1996). "Building a Progressive Social Policy Agenda. Social Policy, Fall, pp. 22-26.

Mizrahi, T. (1993). "Coming Full circle: Lessons From Health Care Organizing," Health PAC Bulletin,12(2), Summer, pp. 12-14 Health Professions Library.

Moynihan, Daniel P (1990). "Toward a Post-Industrial Social Policy," Families In Society, 71(1), Jan, pp. 51-56.

Poindexter, C. C,. 1999) . Promises in the Plague: Passage of Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency Act as a Case Study for Legislative Action. Health & Social Work. Feb. 35-61.

Putnam, Robert. (1996). "Bowling Alone Revisited." The Responsive Community, 5, Issue 2, pp. 18-33.

Romanski, Margaret. (1998). Prototypes of Social Work Political Participation: An Empirical Model. Social Work, 43(2), March

Schorr. L >B. Fighting Poverty and Building Community: Learning from Programs That Work. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 69(4) 1999, 420-423

Sherradan, Michael. (1992). Assets and the Poor. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe.

Spakes, Patricia. (1992). "National Family Policy: Sweden v the United States," Affilia. 7 (2), Summer, pp. 44-60.

Stoesz, D. & Lusk, M. (1995). "From Welfare State to Social Compacts." Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare, 22(4) December, pp. 85-98.

Stuart. P.H. (1999) Linking Clients & Policy: Social Work’s Distinctive Contribution. Social Wk 44(4) 335-347

Sunley, R. (1997). "Advocacy in the New World of Managed Care." Families in Society, Jan/Feb.,pp. 84-94.

Weil, M. (1997). Community Building: Building Community Practice. In P.L. Ewalt, E.M. Freeman, S.A. Kirk, and D.L. Poole (Eds.).Social Policy: Reform, Research and Practice. Washington. DC: NASW., pp. 35-61

Zijderfeld, A. (1998). The Vertical Division of the European Welfare State. Society, 35(4), May/June,pp. 62-71.

B. Recommended Readings
Blank, Susan. (1992). Jobs as a Two-generation Intervention. Public Welfare, 50(3), Summer , pp. 46-52.

Boyte, H. (1990). "Politics as Education." Social Policy, 20(4), Spring, pp. 35-42. I

Cavin, Susan. (1990). "The Invisible Army of Women: Lesbian Social Protests, 1969-1988." in Guida West and Rhoda Blumberg, (Eds) Women and Social Protest. N.Y.: Oxford University Press, pp. 321-332. 0

Copeland, V.C. & Wexler, S. (1995). "Policy Implementation in Social Welfare: A Framework for Analysis. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 22(3), Sept., pp. 51-68.

Figueira-McDonough, Josefina. (1993). "Policy Practice: The Neglected Side of Social Work Intervention," Social Work. 38 (2), March, pp. 179-188.

Fisher, Bob. (1996). Graduate Education for Change: Political Social Work. Bertha Capen ReynoldsSociety Reports, VIII (1), Spring, p. 6.

Fisher, R. (1994).Community Organizing in the Conservative ‘80s and Beyond. Social Policy, 25(1), pp. 11-21.

Flack:D ( 1995) Taking Ideology Seriously in the Age of Newt Social Policy. Winter 34-50 ( and other articles.)

Halperin, Robert. (1993). Neighborhood-Based Initiative to Address Poverty: Lessons From Experience. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 20(4), December, pp. 111-138. I

Hamilton, C. (1990). "The Struggle for Community: Race, Class and the Environment." Social Policy, 21 (2), pp. 18-26. I

Handler, Joel. (1997). Down Bureaucracy. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, Concluding Chapter.

Haynes, K.S. & Mickelson, J.S.(1999, 4th ed).Affecting Change: Social Workers in The Political Arena. NY.: Longman, Ch.5 "The Practitioners Influence on Policy," pp. 74-87

Husock, Howard.(1992). "Bringing Back the Settlement House," Public Interest. 109 Fall, pp. 53-72.

Horowitz, Claudia. (1993). What Is Wrong With National Service? Social Policy, 24(1), Fall, pp. 37-44. In Stacks. And Kallick, David. (1993). National Service: How To Make It Work. Social Policy, 24(1), Fall, pp. 2-4.

Langley, Patricia A.(1991). The Changing World of Social Services," Families in Society. 72 (4)(April): 245-247.

Lawson, Ronald & Stephen E. Barton. (1990). "Sex Roles in Social Movements: A Case Study of Tenant Movt in NYC." in Guida West & R/ Blumberg (Eds) Women &Social Protest. NY: Oxford Univ. Press, pp. 41-56.

Leiby, J. (1985). "The Moral Foundation of Social Welfare." Social Work, 30, July/Aug., pp. 323-330.

Lord, Shirley A. & Kennedy, Ellen T. (1992). "Transforming a Charity Organization into a Social Justice Community Center," Journal of Progressive Human Services. 3 (1) :. 21-37. .

Manning, S.S. (1997). "The Social Worker as Moral Citizen: Ethics in Action. Social Work 42(3) May

Morrissey, M.H. (1990). "The Downtown Welfare Advocate Center: A Case Study of a Welfare Rights Organization," Social Service Review, 64 (2), pp. 18-207.

Mullaly, R. (1993). Structural Social Work: Ideology, Theory and Practice, Ch. 9, Working With the System, Ch. 10, Working Outside (against) the System, pp. 153-200.

Ness, Manny & Brooks, Keith. (1991). "Organizing the Unemployed," Social Policy. 21 (4), Spring , pp. 2-4. .

Nygren, Lydia. (1992). "Plant Closures and Implications for Social Work," International Social Work, October.

O'Donnel, Sandra. (1993). Including Clients in Welfare Policy-Making. Social Work, 38(5)( Sept): 629-636.

O'Looney, John. (1993). Beyond Privatization and Service Integration: Organizational Models for Service Delivery. Social Service Review, 67(4), December, pp. 501-534.

Pagliaccio, Elliot & Grummer, Burton. (1988). "Casework and Congress: A Lobbying
Strategy," Social Casework, 69 (3), March, pp. 155-161. I

Pope, J. (1990). "Women in the Welfare Rights Struggle: The Brooklyn Welfare Action Council, in G.West, R.L. Blumberg, (Eds.) Women and Social Protest, N.Y.: Oxford Univ. Press, pp. 57-74.

Richan, W. (1991). Lobbying For Social Change. Temple University Press, (peruse whole book).

Richan, W. (1987). "Social Workers as Movers and Shakers," in Beyond Altruism: Social Welfare in American Society, N.Y.: Haworth Press.

Scanlon, Edward. (1999). Labor & the Intellectuals: Where Is Social Work? Social Work, 44(6) ( Nov): 590-592.

Shore, Milton. (1993). Clinical Practice and Service Delivery: Getting Back on Track. American Journal ofOrthopsychiatry, 63(2), April, pp. 164-165. .

"25th Anniversary: (1995). A Selection of Highlights from 25 years of Movement Activism and Analysis,"Social Policy, 24(4), Summer, pp. 27-46

West, Guida & Rhoda Blumberg. (Eds.) (1990). "Reconstructing Social Protest From a Feminist Perspective," Women and Social Protest, pp. 3-36;

Withorn, A. (1985). "Staying Alive: The Politics of Social Service Work," Journal of Alternative Human Services Winter, pp.10-17; 20-26.

Withorn, Ann.(1993). Basic Income: A Radical Reform? Reintroduction to a Concept Introduction. Journal of Progressive Human Services, 4(1), pp. 17-18.

Wolf, Maura. (1993). Involving the Community in National Service. Social Policy, 24(1), Fall, pp. 14-20.

Wong, L. (1992). "Community Social Services in the People's Republic of China," International Social Work. 35 (4), October, pp. 455-470. .

Wuthnow, Robert.(1994). Sharing the Journey: Support Groups and Americas New Quest For Community New York: Free Press, Chapters 11 & 12.

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